Smidt Alec M, Rosenthal Marina N, Smith Carly P, Freyd Jennifer J
Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA.
Department of Humanities, College of Medicine, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.
J Child Sex Abus. 2021 Jan;30(1):41-55. doi: 10.1080/10538712.2019.1581867. Epub 2019 Mar 11.
In a large random sample of undergraduate university students, we investigated whether sexual minority individuals (i.e., lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals) experienced different rates of sexual violence victimization (including sexual assault and rape) and subsequent institutional betrayal compared to their heterosexual counterparts, and whether such differences may account for disparities in the psychological and physical health of sexual minorities compared to heterosexuals. In addition to differences in sexual assault victimization rates by gender and sexual orientation, we found differences in rates of institutional betrayal. When non-heterosexual women experienced sexual assault, they experienced a significantly higher rate of institutional betrayal compared to heterosexual women. Overall, greater institutional betrayal was associated with greater negative psychological and physical health outcomes in sexual minorities compared to heterosexual students. These findings reinforce the need for institutional reforms related to the climate and reporting of sexual violence on college campuses, and also identify sexual minority students as a population of particular risk for additional harm by their institutions when they need them most.
在一个规模庞大的本科大学生随机样本中，我们调查了性少数群体（即女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋者）与异性恋同龄人相比，遭受性暴力侵害（包括性侵犯和强奸）以及随后遭受机构背叛的比率是否不同，以及这些差异是否可以解释性少数群体与异性恋者在心理和身体健康方面的差异。除了按性别和性取向划分的性侵犯受害率存在差异外，我们还发现了机构背叛率的差异。当非异性恋女性遭受性侵犯时，与异性恋女性相比，她们遭受机构背叛的比率显著更高。总体而言，与异性恋学生相比，性少数群体中更大程度的机构背叛与更负面的心理和身体健康结果相关。这些发现强化了在大学校园气候和性暴力报告方面进行机构改革的必要性，同时也将性少数群体学生确定为在最需要机构支持时却最有可能受到其机构额外伤害的特殊风险人群。
