NORMENT, KG Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
NORMENT, KG Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Early Intervention in Psychosis Advisory Unit for South East Norway, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital Trust, Norway.
Compr Psychiatry. 2019 May;91:6-12. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.02.006. Epub 2019 Feb 22.
Sleep disturbances are prevalent in severe mental disorders but their type and frequency across diagnostic categories has not been investigated in large scale studies.
Participants with Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SCZ, (N = 617)), Bipolar disorders (BD, (N = 440)), and Healthy Controls (HC, (N = 173)) were included in the study. Sleep disturbances (insomnia, hypersomnia and delayed sleep phase) were identified based on items from the Inventory of Depressive Symptoms - Clinician rated scale. Clinical symptoms were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome scale and level of functioning with the Global assessment of Functioning scale.
The rate of any sleep disturbance was 78% in SZ, 69% in BD and 39% in HC. Insomnia was the most frequently reported sleep disturbance across all groups. Both diagnostic groups reported significantly more of any sleep disturbances than HC (P < 0.001). Having a sleep disturbance was associated with more severe negative and depressive symptoms and with lower functioning across diagnostic groups (P < 0.001, η = 0.0071). Hypersomnia was the only sleep disturbance associated with previous treatment history.
Sleep disturbances, including insomnia, hypersomnia and delayed sleep phase, are frequent in SCZ and BD, and associated with more severe clinical symptomatology across diagnostic groups. This suggests that sleep disturbance is a clinically relevant transdiagnostic phenomenon.
睡眠障碍在严重精神障碍中很常见，但在大规模研究中，尚未调查过其在不同诊断类别中的类型和频率。
研究纳入了精神分裂症谱系障碍（SCZ，（N=617））、双相情感障碍（BD，（N=440））和健康对照者（HC，（N=173））。睡眠障碍（失眠、嗜睡和睡眠时相延迟）根据抑郁症状清单-临床评定量表的项目确定。临床症状采用阳性和阴性症状量表评定，功能状态采用总体功能评定量表评定。
SCZ 组的任何睡眠障碍发生率为 78%，BD 组为 69%，HC 组为 39%。失眠是所有组中报告最多的睡眠障碍。两个诊断组的任何睡眠障碍发生率均显著高于 HC（P<0.001）。存在睡眠障碍与更严重的阴性和抑郁症状以及跨诊断组的功能状态降低相关（P<0.001，η=0.0071）。嗜睡是唯一与既往治疗史相关的睡眠障碍。
睡眠障碍，包括失眠、嗜睡和睡眠时相延迟，在 SCZ 和 BD 中很常见，并与跨诊断组更严重的临床症状相关。这表明睡眠障碍是一种具有临床相关性的跨诊断现象。
