Coutinho T A, Wingfield M J, Alfenas A C, Crous P W
Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology and Tree Pathology Co-operative Programme.
Tree Pathology Co-operative Programme, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
Plant Dis. 1998 Jul;82(7):819-825. doi: 10.1094/PDIS.1998.82.7.819.
Eucalyptus spp. are propagated extensively as non-natives in plantations in many parts of the tropics and sub-tropics. A number of diseases result in serious losses to this economically important forest resource. Eucalyptus rust, caused by Puccinia psidii, is one such example. The economic losses due to this disease are the result of infections of seedlings, young trees, and coppice. P. psidii occurs predominately in Central and South America, but reports of a similar rust are known from other areas. Eucalyptus rust is a remarkable disease in that the pathogen is not known on eucalypts in their centers of origin. It has apparently originated on native Myrtaceae in South America and is highly infective on some Eucalyptus spp. planted there. P. psidii causes one of the most serious forestry diseases in Brazil and is considered to be the most serious threat to eucalypt plantations worldwide. Advances in eucalyptus rust research are reviewed here, with a focus on topics such as distribution, host range, pathogen specialization, symptomatology, etiology, epidemiology, and control.
桉属植物在热带和亚热带许多地区作为非本土物种在种植园中被广泛种植。多种病害给这种具有重要经济价值的森林资源造成了严重损失。由桉叶锈菌引起的桉叶锈病就是其中一例。这种病害造成的经济损失是由幼苗、幼树和萌生林感染所致。桉叶锈菌主要发生在中美洲和南美洲，但在其他地区也有类似锈病的报道。桉叶锈病是一种值得关注的病害，因为在桉属植物的起源中心尚未发现该病原菌。它显然起源于南美洲的本土桃金娘科植物，并且对种植在那里的一些桉属植物具有高度传染性。桉叶锈菌在巴西引发了最严重的林业病害之一，被认为是全球桉属人工林面临的最严重威胁。本文综述了桉叶锈病研究的进展，重点关注分布、寄主范围、病原菌专化性、症状学、病因学、流行病学和防治等主题。
