埃塞俄比亚东部卫生专业人员手机的细菌污染：抗菌药敏性及相关因素
Bacterial contamination of mobile phones of health professionals in Eastern Ethiopia: antimicrobial susceptibility and associated factors.
作者信息
Bodena Dagne, Teklemariam Zelelam, Balakrishnan Senthilkumar, Tesfa Tewodros
机构信息
1Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O. box 235, Harar, Ethiopia.
2Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O. box 235, Harar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Trop Med Health. 2019 Feb 27;47:15. doi: 10.1186/s41182-019-0144-y. eCollection 2019.
BACKGROUND
Mobile phones of health care professionals could harbor microbes which cause nosocomial infections to the patient, family members, and the community at large. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of bacterial contamination of the mobile phones of health professionals, identify bacterial isolates, assess their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and define the associated factors.
METHOD
A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March 2018 on 226 health professionals' mobile phones which were selected by a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. A swab sample from each of health professional's mobile phone device was collected and transported to the microbiology laboratory for bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility tests. Data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 and analyzed by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program version 20.
RESULT
The overall prevalence of mobile phone contamination with one or more bacteria was 94.2%. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS; 58.8%), (14.4%), and species (6.9%) were the most predominant bacterial isolates. The overall prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria was 69.9%. About half of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were resistant to ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Male sex (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 4.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1, 15.8) and the absence of regular phone cleaning/disinfecting were found to be the most significant factors (AOR 4.1, 95% CI 1.2, 13.5) associated with health care professionals' mobile phone bacterial contamination.
CONCLUSION
There is a high contamination rate of mobile phones with nosocomial pathogens. Most of the isolates were resistant to ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and also multidrug-resistant. A mobile phone belonging to male health professionals and to those not disinfecting mobile phones was significantly contaminated with bacteria. Therefore, strategies for preventing nosocomial transmission of drug-resistant pathogens through mobile phones, like hand washing and cleaning mobile phones, are recommended.
背景
医护人员的手机可能携带微生物，这些微生物会给患者、家属以及整个社区带来医院感染。因此，本研究的目的是确定医护人员手机上细菌污染的患病率，鉴定细菌分离株，评估其抗菌药敏模式，并确定相关因素。
方法
2018年2月至3月，采用简单随机抽样技术对226名医护人员的手机进行了横断面研究。通过自行填写问卷收集数据。从每位医护人员的手机设备上采集拭子样本，并送至微生物实验室进行细菌培养和抗菌药敏试验。数据录入EpiData 3.1版本，并使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）20版本进行分析。
结果
一部或多部细菌污染手机的总体患病率为94.2%。凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（CoNS；58.8%）、 （14.4%）和 菌种（6.9%）是最主要的细菌分离株。多重耐药菌的总体患病率为69.9%。约一半的革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌对氨苄西林和甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑耐药。男性（调整优势比（AOR）4.1，95%置信区间（CI）1.1，15.8）和不定期清洁/消毒手机被发现是与医护人员手机细菌污染相关的最显著因素（AOR 4.1，95%CI 1.2，13.5）。
结论
医院病原体在手机上的污染率很高。大多数分离株对氨苄西林和甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑耐药，并且也是多重耐药的。男性医护人员以及不消毒手机的人员的手机被细菌严重污染。因此，建议采取措施预防耐药病原体通过手机在医院内传播，如洗手和清洁手机。
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