Sharew Sisay Gebrish, Weldehanna Daniel Gebretsadik, Gebreyes Demissew Shenkute, Sahile Zenawork, Abebe Tsegahun Asfaw, Shibabaw Agumas
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Debere Birhan Health Science College, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 26;15(1):18427. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-03191-5.
Frequent use of mobile phones in clinical settings puts patients at risk for nosocomial infections. These phones may contain potentially hazardous bacteria, especially those that produce carbapenemase and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) gram-negative bacteria that become a great threat to healthcare settings. The purpose of the study was to determine the magnitude of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing gram-negative and associated factors from mobile phones of healthcare workers in Debre Berhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from August to October 2022. A total of 226 swab samples were collected from mobile phones and inoculated on MacConkey agar. Standard biochemical tests were employed to perform bacterial identifications. Screening for ESBL and carbapenemase production was done using ESBL and CRE CHROME agar. The modified carbapenem inactivation method and combination disk approach were used to confirm the production of carbapenemase and ESBL, respectively. Version 25 of SPSS was used to analyze the data. The overall contamination rate of mobile phones was 42.0% (95/226). A total of 105/226 (45.46%) gram-negative bacteria were isolated. E.coli had the highest number of isolated bacteria with 32.44% (34/105) followed by K. pneumoniae 22.9% (24/105). The percentage of gram-negative bacteria that produced carbapenemase and ESBL was 11.4% (12/105) and 17.1% (18/105), respectively. The highest ESBL-producing gram-negative bacteria were E.coli 10.5% (11/105) and K. pneumoniae 2.9%(3/105). P. aeruginosa 3.8% (4/105) and E.coli 2.8% (3/105) was the predominant carbapenemase producers. The overall MDR was 39%. Gender (AOR= (1.19-4.22), phone type (AOR = (1.92-10.0), regular phone disinfection (AOR= (1.66-6.59), phone handling practice (AOR= (1.72-6.22), were significantly associated with bacterial contamination of mobile phones. The prevalence of ESBL- and carbapenemase-producing gram-negative bacteria was high among healthcare worker's mobile phones in the study area. Therefore, strict infection control measures, good hygienic practices, and regular disinfection of cell phones are needed to limit infections, cross-contamination, and the emergence of antibiotic resistance in hospital environments.
在临床环境中频繁使用手机会使患者面临医院感染的风险。这些手机可能含有潜在有害细菌，尤其是那些产生碳青霉烯酶和超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）的革兰氏阴性菌，这对医疗环境构成了巨大威胁。本研究的目的是确定埃塞俄比亚德布雷伯汉综合专科医院医护人员手机上产超广谱β-内酰胺酶和碳青霉烯酶的革兰氏阴性菌的数量及其相关因素。2022年8月至10月进行了一项基于医院的横断面研究。共从手机上采集了226份拭子样本，并接种在麦康凯琼脂上。采用标准生化试验进行细菌鉴定。使用ESBL和CRE CHROME琼脂进行ESBL和碳青霉烯酶产生情况的筛查。分别采用改良碳青霉烯灭活法和组合纸片法确认碳青霉烯酶和ESBL的产生。使用SPSS 25版分析数据。手机的总体污染率为42.0%（95/226）。共分离出105/226（45.46%）革兰氏阴性菌。大肠杆菌分离菌数量最多，占32.44%（34/105），其次是肺炎克雷伯菌，占22.9%（24/105）。产生碳青霉烯酶和ESBL的革兰氏阴性菌百分比分别为11.4%（12/105）和17.1%（18/105）。产ESBL最多的革兰氏阴性菌是大肠杆菌，占10.5%（11/105），肺炎克雷伯菌占2.9%（3/105）。铜绿假单胞菌占3.8%（4/105），大肠杆菌占2.8%（3/105）是主要的碳青霉烯酶产生菌。总体多重耐药率为39%。性别（调整后比值比=（1.19 - 4.22））、手机类型（调整后比值比=（1.92 - 10.0））、定期手机消毒（调整后比值比=（1.66 - 6.59））、手机使用习惯（调整后比值比=（1.72 - 6.22））与手机细菌污染显著相关。研究区域内医护人员手机上产ESBL和碳青霉烯酶的革兰氏阴性菌患病率较高。因此，需要采取严格的感染控制措施、良好的卫生习惯以及定期对手机进行消毒，以限制医院环境中的感染、交叉污染和抗生素耐药性的出现。
