Lo C-T, Nelson E B, Harman G E
Departments of Plant Pathology and Horticultural Sciences, Cornell University, Geneva, NY.
Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.
Plant Dis. 1997 Oct;81(10):1132-1138. doi: 10.1094/PDIS.1997.81.10.1132.
Trichoderma harzianum strain 1295-22 is an effective biocontrol agent for several fungal diseases. The efficacy of granule and spray applications of strain 1295-22 for control of Pythium root rot, brown patch, and dollar spot of creeping bentgrass was investigated. Spray applications of conidial suspensions (SA) of strain 1295-22 significantly reduced all three diseases of creeping bentgrass turf in both greenhouse and field experiments. Control was greatest when Triton X-100 at 0.1% was added to aqueous spray suspensions. When SA were applied weekly, the biocontrol treatments were equivalent to standard fungicides. Broadcast granule applications (GA) also significantly reduced foliar symptoms of Pythium root rot, dollar spot, and brown patch; turf quality also was enhanced. The populations of Trichoderma spp. in the root zone of a bentgrass putting green treated with SA or GA of strain 1295-22 increased 10- to 100-fold after treatment compared with untreated plots. However, strain 1295-22 was present at high levels on bentgrass leaves only following SA. Collectively, the results suggest that strain 1295-22 possesses both rhizosphere and phylloplane competence. The combination of broadcast applications of granules followed by spray applications of conidia reduced damage from both root and foliar diseases.
哈茨木霉1295 - 22菌株是几种真菌病害的有效生物防治剂。研究了1295 - 22菌株颗粒剂和喷雾剂对匍匐翦股颖腐霉根腐病、褐斑病和币斑病的防治效果。在温室和田间试验中，1295 - 22菌株分生孢子悬浮液（SA）喷雾处理显著减轻了匍匐翦股颖草坪的这三种病害。当向喷雾悬浮液中添加0.1%的吐温X - 100时防治效果最佳。每周施用SA时，生物防治处理效果与标准杀菌剂相当。撒施颗粒剂（GA）也显著减轻了腐霉根腐病、币斑病和褐斑病的叶部症状；草坪质量也得到了提高。与未处理地块相比，用1295 - 22菌株的SA或GA处理的翦股颖果岭根部区域木霉菌种群数量在处理后增加了10到100倍。然而，仅在SA处理后，1295 - 22菌株在翦股颖叶片上大量存在。总体而言，结果表明1295 - 22菌株具有根际和叶表定殖能力。颗粒剂撒施后再进行分生孢子喷雾处理相结合可减少根部和叶部病害的危害。
