Mestre Nélia C, Sousa Vânia Serrão, Rocha Thiago Lopes, Bebianno Maria João
CIMA - Centro de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, 8005-139, Portugal.
CENSE, Center for Environmental and Sustainability Research, University of Algarve, FCT, bldg. 7, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, 8005-139, Portugal.
Ecotoxicology. 2019 Apr;28(3):294-301. doi: 10.1007/s10646-019-02022-4. Epub 2019 Feb 15.
The increasing use of rare earth elements (REEs) in diverse technological applications has augmented the demand and exploitation of these worldwide, leading to a higher input of REEs + Yttrium (Y) in the marine environment. The present study investigated the ecotoxicity of Lanthanum (La) and Y to Mytilus galloprovincialis developing embryos and juveniles. This was achieved by quantifying the embryogenesis success after 48 h, and survival of juveniles after 96 h of exposure to different concentrations of La and Y. Results show that both La and Y are more toxic to developing embryos and larvae than to juveniles of M. galloprovincialis. Predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC) values were also derived for the embryo development as a preliminary approach to assess the environmental risk for these compounds to marine organisms. Results revealed that La is more toxic than Y. The high sensitivity of the early developmental stages to these compounds highlight the relevance of including these stages when evaluating the toxicity of chemicals where little information is available. Although older life stages may be more tolerant to toxicants, the population survival will be compromised if new recruits are not viable, with implications to the whole ecosystem health and functioning of the impacted area. Information on the ecotoxicity of chemicals with expanded technological use and that may be released during deep-sea mining activities is urgent in order to help estimate environmental impacts.
稀土元素（REEs）在各种技术应用中的使用日益增加，这使得全球对这些元素的需求和开采量增大，导致海洋环境中稀土元素与钇（Y）的输入量增加。本研究调查了镧（La）和钇对地中海贻贝发育中的胚胎和幼体的生态毒性。这是通过量化暴露于不同浓度的La和Y 48小时后的胚胎发生成功率以及96小时后的幼体存活率来实现的。结果表明，La和Y对地中海贻贝发育中的胚胎和幼虫的毒性均高于对其幼体的毒性。还得出了胚胎发育的预测无效应浓度（PNEC）值，作为评估这些化合物对海洋生物的环境风险的初步方法。结果显示，La的毒性比Y更大。早期发育阶段对这些化合物的高敏感性突出了在评估缺乏相关信息的化学品毒性时纳入这些阶段的重要性。尽管较老的生命阶段可能对有毒物质更具耐受性，但如果新的幼体无法存活，种群的生存将受到影响，这会对受影响区域的整个生态系统健康和功能产生影响。为了帮助评估环境影响，迫切需要有关技术用途不断扩大且可能在深海采矿活动中释放的化学品生态毒性的信息。
