1 Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Nursing Science, Linköping University, Sweden.
2 Centre for Clinical Research Sörmland, Uppsala University, Eskilstuna, Sweden.
Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2019 Jun;18(5):410-417. doi: 10.1177/1474515119836567. Epub 2019 Mar 13.
Physical activity and appetite are important components for maintaining health. Yet, the association between physical activity and appetite in heart failure (HF) populations is not completely understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between physical activity, functional capacity, and appetite in patients with HF.
This was a prospective observational study. In total, 186 patients diagnosed with HF, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II-IV (mean age 70.7, 30% female), were included. Physical activity was measured using a multi-sensor actigraph for seven days and with a self-reported numeric rating scale. Physical capacity was measured by the six-minute walk test. Appetite was measured using the Council on Nutrition Appetite Questionnaire. Data were collected at inclusion and after 18 months. A series of linear regression analyses, adjusted for age, NYHA class, and B-type natriuretic peptide were conducted.
At baseline, higher levels of physical activity and functional capacity were significantly associated with a higher level of appetite in the unadjusted models. In the adjusted models, number of steps ( p = 0.019) and the six-minute walk test ( p = 0.007) remained significant. At the 18-month follow-up, all physical activity variables and functional capacity were significantly associated with appetite in the unadjusted regression models. In the adjusted models, number of steps ( p = 0.001) and metabolic equivalent daily averages ( p = 0.040) remained significant.
A higher level of physical activity measured by number of steps/day was associated with better self-reported appetite, both at baseline and the 18-month follow-up. Further research is needed to establish causality and explore the intertwined relationship between activity and appetite in patients with HF.
体力活动和食欲是维持健康的重要组成部分。然而，心力衰竭（HF）患者体力活动与食欲之间的关系尚不完全清楚。本研究旨在探讨 HF 患者体力活动、功能能力与食欲之间的关系。
这是一项前瞻性观察研究。共纳入 186 例诊断为 HF、纽约心脏协会（NYHA）II-IV 级（平均年龄 70.7 岁，30%为女性）的患者。使用多传感器活动记录仪测量体力活动 7 天，并使用自我报告数字评分量表进行测量。身体能力通过六分钟步行试验进行测量。食欲通过营养与食欲问卷进行评估。数据在纳入时和 18 个月后收集。进行了一系列线性回归分析，调整了年龄、NYHA 分级和 B 型利钠肽。
基线时，未经调整模型中，体力活动水平和功能能力较高与食欲较高显著相关。在调整后的模型中，步数（p=0.019）和六分钟步行试验（p=0.007）仍然显著。在 18 个月的随访中，所有体力活动变量和功能能力在未经调整的回归模型中与食欲显著相关。在调整后的模型中，步数（p=0.001）和代谢当量每日平均值（p=0.040）仍然显著。
每天步数测量的体力活动水平较高与基线和 18 个月随访时自我报告的食欲较好相关。需要进一步研究以确定因果关系，并探讨 HF 患者活动与食欲之间的相互关系。
