University of Florida, Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Gainesville, 32653, USA.
University of Florida, Emerging Pathogens Institute, Gainesville, 32608, USA.
Sci Rep. 2019 Mar 13;9(1):4375. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-40832-y.
Florida Bay is home to a network of shallow mud-banks which act as barriers to circulation creating small basins that are often subject to extremes in temperature and salinity. Florida bay is also important juvenile habitat for the Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirus argus. While our understanding of the effect of environmental changes on the survival, growth, and movement of spiny lobsters is growing, the effect on their chemosensory abilities has not yet been investigated. Lobsters rely heavily on chemical cues for many biological and ecological activities, and here we report on the effect of extreme environmental events in temperature (32 °C), salinity (45ppt), and pH (7.65 pH) on social behavior and sheltering preference in P. argus. Under normal conditions, chemical cues from conspecifics are used by spiny lobsters to identify suitable shelter and cues from stone crabs and diseased individuals are used to determine shelters to be avoided. In all altered conditions, lobsters lost the ability to aggregate with conspecifics and avoid stone crabs and diseased conspecifics. Thus, seasonal extreme events, and potentially future climate change conditions, alter the chemosensory-driven behavior of P. argus and may result in decreased survivorship due to impaired shelter selection or other behaviors.
佛罗里达湾是一个由浅泥滩组成的网络的所在地，这些泥滩起到了阻碍循环的作用，形成了小盆地，这些小盆地经常受到温度和盐度极端变化的影响。佛罗里达湾也是加勒比刺龙虾 Panulirus argus 的重要幼体栖息地。虽然我们对环境变化对刺龙虾的生存、生长和运动的影响的理解在不断增加，但对其化学感觉能力的影响尚未得到研究。龙虾在许多生物和生态活动中严重依赖化学线索，在这里，我们报告了温度（32°C）、盐度（45ppt）和 pH（7.65 pH）极端环境事件对 P. argus 的社会行为和庇护偏好的影响。在正常情况下，刺龙虾会利用同种个体的化学线索来识别合适的庇护所，而利用石蟹和患病个体的化学线索来确定要避开的庇护所。在所有改变的条件下，龙虾失去了与同种个体聚集并避开石蟹和患病同种个体的能力。因此，季节性极端事件和未来潜在的气候变化条件改变了 P. argus 的化学感觉驱动行为，可能会导致由于庇护选择或其他行为受损而导致存活率降低。
