Dabaghi Mohammadhossein, Fusch Gerhard, Saraei Neda, Rochow Niels, Brash John L, Fusch Christoph, Ravi Selvaganapathy P
School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada.
Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada.
Biomicrofluidics. 2018 Jul 3;12(4):044101. doi: 10.1063/1.5034791. eCollection 2018 Jul.
Preterm neonates suffering from respiratory distress syndrome require assistive support in the form of mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, which may lead to long-term complications or even death. Here, we describe a high performance artificial placenta type microfluidic oxygenator, termed as a double-sided single oxygenator unit (dsSOU), which combines microwire stainless-steel mesh reinforced gas permeable membranes on both sides of a microchannel network, thereby significantly reducing the diffusional resistance to oxygen uptake as compared to the previous single-sided oxygenator designs. The new oxygenator is designed to be operated in a pumpless manner, perfused solely due to the arterio-venous pressure difference in a neonate and oxygenate blood through exposure directly to ambient atmosphere without any air or oxygen pumping. The best performing dsSOUs showed up to ∼343% improvement in oxygen transfer compared to a single-sided SOU (ssSOU) with the same height. Later, the dsSOUs were optimized and integrated to build a lung assist device (LAD) that could support the oxygenation needs for a 1-2 kg neonate under clinically relevant conditions for the artificial placenta, namely, flow rates ranging from 10 to 60 ml/min and a pressure drop of 10-60 mmHg. The LAD provided an oxygen uptake of 0.78-2.86 ml/min, which corresponded to the increase in oxygen saturation from 57 ± 1% to 93%-100%, under pure oxygen environment. This microfluidic lung assist device combines elegant design with new microfabrication methods to develop a pumpless, microfluidic blood oxygenator that is capable of supporting 30% of the oxygen needs of a pre-term neonate.
患有呼吸窘迫综合征的早产儿需要机械通气或体外膜肺氧合等辅助支持，这可能会导致长期并发症甚至死亡。在此，我们描述了一种高性能的人工胎盘型微流控氧合器，称为双面单氧合器单元（dsSOU），它在微通道网络的两侧结合了微丝不锈钢网增强的透气膜，因此与以前的单面氧合器设计相比，显著降低了氧气摄取的扩散阻力。这种新型氧合器设计为无泵运行，仅依靠新生儿的动静脉压差进行灌注，并通过直接暴露于环境大气中对血液进行氧合，无需任何空气或氧气泵送。与相同高度的单面SOU（ssSOU）相比，性能最佳的dsSOU在氧气传输方面提高了约343%。后来，dsSOU经过优化和整合，构建了一种肺辅助装置（LAD），该装置能够在人工胎盘的临床相关条件下，即流速为10至60毫升/分钟、压降为10至60毫米汞柱的情况下，满足1至2千克新生儿的氧合需求。在纯氧环境下，LAD的氧气摄取量为0.78至2.86毫升/分钟，这对应于氧饱和度从57±1%增加到93% - 100%。这种微流控肺辅助装置将精巧的设计与新的微制造方法相结合，开发出一种无泵的微流控血液氧合器，能够满足早产儿30%的氧气需求。
