Community Health Section, Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, 5920 Forest Park Road, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA.
Department of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Texas Southwestern School of Health Professions, Dallas, TX, USA.
J Cancer Educ. 2020 Aug;35(4):682-688. doi: 10.1007/s13187-019-01511-8.
This cross-sectional study evaluated the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding skin cancer and sun exposure among homeless men (n = 75). A 21-item survey was given to men residing at Calvert Place Men's Shelter in Dallas, TX. Results indicated that 49% knew that a change in a mole's appearance and a sore that does not heal were signs of skin cancer. Black homeless men were less likely to know that people with dark skin could get skin cancer and that sunscreen should be applied 15-30 min before sun exposure compared to white and other subgroups (p < .05). People were more likely to agree that sun protection is important (median = 5.0), but less likely to agree that they were at risk for skin cancer (median = 3.0). White men had higher levels of agreement that melanoma was dangerous compared to other racial/ethnic groups (p = 0.0224). Over half (52%) of individuals reported being in the sun often, yet only 21% reported the use of sunscreen. Most (71%) homeless men had never checked themselves for skin cancer and only 13% reported ever being screened by a health professional for skin cancer. Increased skin cancer education and increased screening efforts should be implemented to better protect the homeless population at Calvert Place from skin cancer.
本横断面研究评估了无家可归男性（n=75）对皮肤癌和阳光暴露的知识、态度和行为。在德克萨斯州达拉斯的卡尔弗特广场男性收容所，对男性进行了一项 21 项的调查。结果表明，49%的人知道痣的外观变化和不愈合的疮是皮肤癌的迹象。与白人及其他亚组相比，黑皮肤的无家可归男性更不可能知道深色皮肤的人也会得皮肤癌，并且防晒霜应该在暴露在阳光下前 15-30 分钟涂抹（p<.05）。人们更有可能同意防晒很重要（中位数=5.0），但不太可能同意他们有患皮肤癌的风险（中位数=3.0）。与其他种族/民族群体相比，白人男性认为黑色素瘤更危险的比例更高（p=0.0224）。超过一半（52%）的人报告经常晒太阳，但只有 21%的人报告使用防晒霜。大多数（71%）无家可归男性从未检查过自己的皮肤是否患有癌症，只有 13%的人报告曾接受过皮肤癌健康专业人员的筛查。应加强皮肤癌教育并增加筛查力度，以更好地保护卡尔弗特广场的无家可归人群免受皮肤癌的侵害。
