Department of Psychological Science.
J Fam Psychol. 2019 Aug;33(5):607-616. doi: 10.1037/fam0000522. Epub 2019 Mar 14.
While previous research has consistently found that negative forms of interparental conflict predict poorer outcomes in children, less is known about children's immediate responses to conflict. In a sample of 101 children (9-11 years of age) and their parents, we used a novel methodological approach to examine children's affect and perceived arousal responses to a live conflict between their parents in the lab. In addition, we examined children's self-reported cognitions regarding interparental conflict as predictors of these affect and perceived arousal responses. Children reported their affect and perceived arousal responses at 3 time points: before the live interparental conflict, immediately following the conflict, and again immediately following a positive family conversation task. Mixed effects models indicated that children's positive affect decreased following the interparental conflict, and increased following the positive family conversation. Negative affect and perceived arousal decreased linearly across all 3 time points such that they were the lowest following the positive family conversation. Children's perceptions of interparental conflict predicted children's negative affect and perceived arousal scores, but not their degree of change from 1 time point to the next. Findings are discussed in terms of clinical intervention for families and directions for future research in this area. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
虽然之前的研究一直发现父母间的负面冲突会预测孩子的结果更差,但对于孩子对冲突的即时反应却知之甚少。在一项对 101 名儿童(9-11 岁)及其父母的研究中,我们采用了一种新颖的方法学方法,来考察儿童在实验室中父母之间实时冲突时的情感和感知唤醒反应。此外,我们还考察了儿童对父母间冲突的自我报告认知,作为这些情感和感知唤醒反应的预测因素。儿童在 3 个时间点报告了他们的情感和感知唤醒反应:在实时父母间冲突之前、冲突后立即以及在积极的家庭对话任务后立即。混合效应模型表明,儿童的积极情绪在父母间冲突后下降,在积极的家庭对话后上升。消极情绪和感知唤醒在所有 3 个时间点上呈线性下降,因此在积极的家庭对话后最低。儿童对父母间冲突的感知预测了他们的消极情绪和感知唤醒得分,但不能预测他们从一个时间点到下一个时间点的变化程度。研究结果从家庭临床干预的角度进行了讨论,并为该领域的未来研究指明了方向。