Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics.
Department of Psychology.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2019 May;33(3):221-231. doi: 10.1037/adb0000457. Epub 2019 Mar 14.
Alcohol consumption and interpersonal trauma (IPT) co-occur at high rates, particularly in college populations. Two non-mutually-exclusive theories of this comorbidity are the risky behavior model, suggesting that substance use increases likelihood of IPT, and the self-medication model, suggesting that individuals use substances to cope with trauma-related symptoms. Few have simultaneously tested these theories in a sample of college students. Thus, the overarching aim of this longitudinal study ( = 1320) was to identify whether alcohol consumption and IPT are associated with one another, and if IPT and/or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) impacts use of alcohol to cope with trauma-related distress. Data were collected from a longitudinal study of college students attending a large public university. Participants in the current study were on average 18.46 years old at study entry, primarily female (70%), and of diverse racial/ethnic backgrounds (e.g., 49.4% White, 19.7% Black, 17.2% Asian). Results from auto-regressive, cross-lagged models indicated that alcohol consumption preceded IPT exposure. In contrast, IPT was not prospectively associated with alcohol consumption. Those reporting probable PTSD, but not IPT, reported more use of alcohol to cope with trauma-related distress. These findings provide support for the risky behavior model, indicating that those with higher levels of alcohol consumption may be a vulnerable group in terms of likelihood of IPT. Findings also suggest that those reporting probable PTSD may be at risk for use of alcohol to cope with trauma-related distress. Implications of these findings, in light of study limitations, are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
饮酒与人际创伤（IPT）的发生率都很高，尤其是在大学生群体中。关于这种共病的两种非相互排斥的理论是危险行为模型，该模型表明，物质使用增加了 IPT 的可能性，而自我药物治疗模型则表明，个体使用物质来应对与创伤相关的症状。很少有人在大学生样本中同时测试这些理论。因此，这项纵向研究（n=1320）的总体目标是确定饮酒和 IPT 是否相互关联，以及 IPT 和/或创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）是否会影响使用酒精来应对与创伤相关的痛苦。数据来自于对一所大型公立大学的大学生进行的一项纵向研究。本研究中的参与者在研究开始时的平均年龄为 18.46 岁，主要是女性（70%），种族/族裔背景多样（例如，49.4%为白人，19.7%为黑人，17.2%为亚洲人）。自回归交叉滞后模型的结果表明，饮酒先于 IPT 暴露。相反，IPT 与饮酒之间没有前瞻性关联。报告患有可能的 PTSD，但没有 IPT 的人，报告更多地使用酒精来应对与创伤相关的痛苦。这些发现为危险行为模型提供了支持，表明那些饮酒量较高的人可能更容易发生 IPT。研究结果还表明，报告患有可能的 PTSD 的人可能有使用酒精来应对与创伤相关的痛苦的风险。鉴于研究的局限性，讨论了这些发现的意义。（APA，2019，所有权利保留）。
