Department of Psychology.
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2019 Jul;148(7):1105-1123. doi: 10.1037/xge0000560. Epub 2019 Mar 14.
As part of learning some languages, people learn to name colors using categorical labels such as "red," "yellow," and "green." Such labeling clearly facilitates communicating about colors, but does it also impact color perception? We demonstrate that simply hearing color words enhances categorical color perception, improving people's accuracy in discriminating between simultaneously presented colors in an untimed task. Immediately after hearing a color word participants were better able to distinguish between colors from the named category and colors from nearby categories. Discrimination between typical and atypical category members was also enhanced. Verbal cues slightly decreased discrimination accuracy between two typical shades of the named color. In contrast to verbal cues, a preview of the target color, an arguably more informative cue, failed to yield any changes to discrimination accuracy. The finding that color words strongly affect color discrimination accuracy suggests that categorical color perception may be caused by color representations being augmented in-the-moment by language. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
作为学习某些语言的一部分，人们学会使用类别标签来命名颜色，例如“红色”、“黄色”和“绿色”。这种标签显然有助于交流颜色，但它是否也会影响颜色感知？我们证明，仅仅听到颜色词就能增强类别颜色感知，提高人们在非计时任务中区分同时呈现的颜色的准确性。在听到颜色词后，参与者能够更好地区分命名类别和附近类别的颜色。对典型和非典型类别的成员的区分也得到了增强。在命名颜色的两个典型色调之间，言语线索略微降低了区分准确性。与言语线索相反，目标颜色的预览，一种更具信息量的线索，并没有对区分准确性产生任何变化。颜色词强烈影响颜色辨别准确性的发现表明，类别颜色感知可能是由于语言即时增强了颜色表示。（PsycINFO 数据库记录（c）2019 APA，保留所有权利）。
