Centre Inter-Facultaire de Recherche en Environnement pour le Développement Durable, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Bénin.
Programme National de Lutte contre la Lèpre et l'Ulcère de Buruli, Cotonou, Bénin.
BMC Infect Dis. 2019 Mar 12;19(1):247. doi: 10.1186/s12879-019-3845-2.
Buruli ulcer (BU) is a chronic, necrotizing infectious skin disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. In recent years, there has been a decrease in the number of new cases detected. This study aimed to show the evolution of its distribution in the Lalo District in Bénin from 2006 to 2017.
The database of the BU Detection and Treatment Center of Lalo allowed us to identify 1017 new cases in the Lalo District from 2006 to 2017. The annual prevalence was calculated with subdistricts and villages. The trends of the demographic variables and those related to the clinical and treatment features were analysed using Microsoft Excel® 2007 and Epi Info® 7. Arc View version® 3.4 was used for mapping.
From 2006 to 2017, the case prevalence of BU in the Lalo District decreased by 95%. The spatial distribution of BU cases confirmed the foci of the distribution, as described in the literature. The most endemic subdistricts were Ahomadégbé, Adoukandji, Gnizounmè and Tchito, with a cumulative prevalence of 315, 225, 215 and 213 cases per 10,000 inhabitants, respectively. The least endemic subdistricts were Zalli, Banigbé, Lalo-Centre and Lokogba, with 16, 16, 10, and 5 cases per 10,000 inhabitants, respectively. A significant decrease in the number of patients with ulcerative lesions (p = 0.002), as well as those with category 3 lesions (p < 0.001) and those treated surgically (p < 0.001), was observed. The patients confirmed by PCR increased (from 40.42% in 2006 to 84.62% in 2017), and joint limitation decreased (from 13.41% in 2006 to 0.0% in 2017).
This study confirmed the general decrease in BU prevalence rates in Lalo District at the subdistrict and village levels, as also observed at the country level. This decrease is a result of the success of the BU control strategies implemented in Bénin, especially in the Lalo District.
溃疡分枝杆菌（Mycobacterium ulcerans）引起的慢性、坏死性传染病即布鲁里溃疡（Buruli ulcer，BU）。近年来，新发病例数量有所下降。本研究旨在展示贝宁拉洛区（Lalo District） 2006 年至 2017 年期间该病的分布演变情况。
通过拉洛区 BU 检测和治疗中心的数据库，我们在 2006 年至 2017 年期间在拉洛区发现了 1017 例新发病例。利用分区和村庄计算年度患病率。使用 Microsoft Excel® 2007 和 Epi Info® 7 分析人口统计学变量和与临床及治疗特征相关的趋势。Arc View 版本® 3.4 用于制图。
2006 年至 2017 年，拉洛区 BU 的病例患病率下降了 95%。BU 病例的空间分布证实了文献中描述的分布焦点。最流行的分区是 Ahomadégbé、Adoukandji、Gnizounmè 和 Tchito，每 10000 名居民中分别有 315、225、215 和 213 例累积患病率。最少流行的分区是 Zalli、Banigbé、Lalo-Centre 和 Lokogba，每 10000 名居民中分别有 16、16、10 和 5 例。溃疡病变患者数量显著减少（p=0.002），3 类病变患者（p<0.001）和接受手术治疗的患者（p<0.001）也显著减少。PCR 确诊患者数量增加（2006 年为 40.42%，2017 年为 84.62%），关节受限减少（2006 年为 13.41%，2017 年为 0.0%）。
本研究在分区和村庄层面证实了拉洛区 BU 流行率的普遍下降，这与全国水平的情况一致。这种下降是贝宁，特别是拉洛区实施的 BU 控制策略成功的结果。
