Kim Hyunah, Chang Hyein
Department of Psychology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.
Front Psychol. 2019 Feb 28;10:379. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00379. eCollection 2019.
This study examined the longitudinal association between children's early callous-unemotional (CU) traits and social competence in the transition to school-age, and tested whether this relationship was moderated by child executive function and maternal warmth. Participants were 643 children (49% girls) who were part of the Panel Study on Korean Children (PSKC) of the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education (KICCE). Mothers rated children's CU at 5 years and executive function at 8 years, and maternal warmth at 5 years. Teachers reported on children's social competence at 8 years. Results of the model including child executive function as the moderator indicated that deficits in child executive function and child sex (boys) predicted lower social competence. In addition, the moderating effect of executive function on the relationship between CU and social competence approached a trend such that CU predicted lower social competence only for children with lower executive function. In the model that included maternal warmth as a moderator, CU traits was associated with lower social competence, and this effect was more pronounced for boys as indicated by a significant effects of CU × child sex on social competence. The findings are discussed with respect to considering individual and contextual factors by which early CU becomes associated with individual differences in children's social competence.
本研究考察了儿童早期的冷酷无情（CU）特质与进入学龄期时社会能力之间的纵向关联，并检验了这种关系是否受到儿童执行功能和母亲温暖程度的调节。参与者为643名儿童（49%为女孩），他们是韩国儿童保育与教育研究所（KICCE）的韩国儿童面板研究（PSKC）的一部分。母亲们对孩子5岁时的CU特质、8岁时的执行功能以及5岁时的母亲温暖程度进行了评分。教师们报告了孩子8岁时的社会能力。将儿童执行功能作为调节变量的模型结果表明，儿童执行功能缺陷和儿童性别（男孩）预示着较低的社会能力。此外，执行功能对CU特质与社会能力之间关系的调节作用接近一种趋势，即CU特质仅对执行功能较低的儿童预示着较低的社会能力。在将母亲温暖程度作为调节变量的模型中，CU特质与较低的社会能力相关，并且如CU×儿童性别对社会能力的显著影响所示，这种影响在男孩中更为明显。研究结果围绕考虑早期CU特质与儿童社会能力个体差异相关的个体和情境因素进行了讨论。
