School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Economics, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
Tandon School of Engineering, Department of Urban Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
Nat Commun. 2019 Mar 15;10(1):1236. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-09155-4.
Awareness of the human health impacts of exposure to air pollution is growing rapidly. For example, it has become evident that the adverse health effects of air pollution are more pronounced in disadvantaged populations. Policymakers in many jurisdictions have responded to this evidence by enacting initiatives that lead to lower concentrations of air pollutants, such as urban traffic restrictions. In this review, we focus on the interplay between advances in environmental exposure assessment and developments in policy. We highlight recent progress in the granular measurement of air pollutants and individual-level exposures, and how this has enabled focused local policy actions. Finally, we detail an illustrative study designed to link individual-level health-relevant exposures with economic, behavioral, biological, familial, and environmental variables.
人们对暴露于空气污染对人类健康影响的认识正在迅速增强。例如，空气污染对健康的不利影响在弱势群体中更为明显，这一点已显而易见。许多司法管辖区的决策者已针对这一证据采取行动，推行了降低空气污染物浓度的举措，例如限制城市交通。在本综述中，我们重点关注环境暴露评估方面的进展与政策方面的发展之间的相互作用。我们强调了空气污染物的粒度测量和个体暴露方面的最新进展，以及这如何促成了有针对性的地方政策行动。最后，我们详细介绍了一项旨在将个体健康相关暴露与经济、行为、生物、家庭和环境变量联系起来的说明性研究。
