嗜热嗜酸硫磺酸菌作为极端酶的来源和新型古菌平台生物。

Thermoacidophilic Sulfolobus species as source for extremozymes and as novel archaeal platform organisms.

机构信息

Molecular Enzyme Technology and Biochemistry (MEB), Biofilm Centre, Centre for Water and Environmental Research (CWE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5, 45141 Essen, Germany.

出版信息

Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2019 Oct;59:71-77. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2019.02.012. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

DOI:10.1016/j.copbio.2019.02.012

PMID:30875666

Abstract

Archaea dominate extreme habitats and possess unique cellular and metabolic properties with novel or modified metabolic pathways and unusual enzymes. Thermoacidophilic Sulfolobus species and their thermo(acido)philic enzymes gained special attention due to their adaptation toward two extremes, high temperature (75-80°C) and low pH (pH 2-5), that matches harsh process conditions in industrial applications. For different Sulfolobus species versatile genetic systems have been established and significant metabolic and physiological information from classical biochemistry and genetic as well as poly-omics and systems biology approaches is available. Their ease of growth under aerobic or microaerophilic conditions and established fermentation technologies gaining high cell yields promote Sulfolobus as source for extremozymes and as valuable novel platform organism for industrial biotechnology.

摘要

古菌在极端环境中占主导地位，具有独特的细胞和代谢特性，拥有新颖或改良的代谢途径和不寻常的酶。嗜热嗜酸硫磺酸体及其热（酸）嗜性酶由于其对两个极端的适应而受到特别关注，这两个极端是高温（75-80°C）和低 pH 值（pH 2-5），与工业应用中的恶劣过程条件相匹配。对于不同的硫磺酸体，已经建立了多样化的遗传系统，并且可以从经典生物化学、遗传学以及多组学和系统生物学方法中获得重要的代谢和生理信息。它们在有氧或微氧条件下易于生长，并且已建立的发酵技术可获得高细胞产量，这些特点促进了硫磺酸体成为极端酶的来源，并成为工业生物技术中具有价值的新型平台生物。