Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
EMBO Rep. 2019 Apr;20(4). doi: 10.15252/embr.201847129. Epub 2019 Mar 15.
Host-microbiome interactions constitute key determinants of host physiology, while their dysregulation is implicated in a wide range of human diseases. The microbiome undergoes diurnal variation in composition and function, and this in turn drives oscillations in host gene expression and functions. In this review, we discuss the newest developments in understanding circadian host-microbiome interplays, and how they may be relevant in health and disease contexts. We summarize the molecular mechanisms by which the microbiome influences host function in a diurnal manner, and inversely describe how the host orchestrates circadian rhythmicity of the microbiome. Furthermore, we highlight the future perspectives and challenges in studying this new and exciting facet of host-microbiome interactions. Finally, we illustrate how the elucidation of the microbiome chronobiology may pave the way for novel therapeutic approaches.
宿主-微生物组相互作用是宿主生理学的关键决定因素，而它们的失调与广泛的人类疾病有关。微生物组在组成和功能上存在昼夜变化，这反过来又导致宿主基因表达和功能的振荡。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了理解昼夜宿主-微生物组相互作用的最新进展，以及它们在健康和疾病背景下可能的相关性。我们总结了微生物组以昼夜方式影响宿主功能的分子机制，并反过来描述了宿主如何协调微生物组的昼夜节律性。此外，我们强调了在研究宿主-微生物组相互作用这一新的令人兴奋的方面的未来展望和挑战。最后，我们说明了阐明微生物组的生物钟可能为新的治疗方法铺平道路。
