Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Iran.
Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, CIBEROBN Fisiopatología de la Obesidad la Nutrición, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2019 Jun;220:62-70. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.03.002. Epub 2019 Mar 15.
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of the organophosphorus pesticide dimethoate and cadmium on biochemical parameters of a freshwater snail, Galba truncatula, in laboratory conditions. In 14 days, snails were exposed to 0, 100, 200, and 400 μg L of dimethoate and 0.0 and 1000 μg L of cadmium chloride. The results evidenced that dimethoate induces oxidative stress and alters biochemical parameters in freshwater snails. Cadmium also induced significant changes in biochemical parameters. The combination of the dimethoate and cadmium markedly increased the effects on G. truncatula. Dimethoate and cadmium mixture caused a decrease in Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activities, glycogen, and total antioxidant capacity (TAN) levels, and increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA) level in exposed snails. The increased toxicity and bioaccumulation of cadmium after the exposure to the highest concentration of dimethoate indicates a synergistic effect leading to a reduced performance of the detoxification system in the snail. Dimethoate contributed to the bioconcentration of cadmium in snails and increased its toxic effects evidenced in biomarkers of oxidative stress and cell damage.
本研究的目的是评估有机磷农药乐果和镉对淡水螺（Galba truncatula）生化参数的影响。在 14 天内，将蜗牛暴露于 0、100、200 和 400μg/L 的乐果和 0.0 和 1000μg/L 的氯化镉中。结果表明，乐果诱导了淡水螺的氧化应激并改变了其生化参数。镉也导致了生化参数的显著变化。乐果和镉的组合对 G. truncatula 的影响明显增加。乐果和镉混合物导致乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G6PDH）活性、糖原和总抗氧化能力（TAN）水平降低，天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性以及丙二醛（MDA）水平升高。在暴露于最高浓度乐果后，镉的毒性和生物累积增加表明存在协同作用，导致蜗牛解毒系统的性能降低。乐果有助于镉在蜗牛体内的生物浓缩，并增加了其在氧化应激和细胞损伤生物标志物中表现出的毒性作用。
