Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Resources and the Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Iran.
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Iran.
Chemosphere. 2018 Oct;208:101-107. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.177. Epub 2018 May 29.
Insecticides and fertilizers are the most common agrochemicals that enter aquatic ecosystems from farmlands via different ways and consequently affect fish. In this study, effects of dimethoate, and Bacilar, as a bio-fertilizer, on oxidative stress and biochemical parameters were measured in common carp. For this purpose, fish were exposed to 16 and 32 μg L dimethoate, 0.1 and 0.2 ml L Bacilar and the mixtures of both compounds for 14 days. The results showed that Bacilar increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and LDH in gills, AST in liver and the activity of catalase (CAT) (0.2 ml L) in kidney, but decreased the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and glucose 6-phsphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) in liver. Dimethoate, alone or in combination with Bacilar, significantly increased LDH, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), AST and CAT activities in gills. Fish exposure to dimethoate, alone or in combination with Bacilar, resulted in a significant decrease in LDH, G6PDH activities, total antioxidant (TA) and glycogen levels in liver and TA in kidney. A significant increase was observed in malondialdehyde (MDA), ALP, AST, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and CAT activity in liver and kidney of fish exposed to dimethoate alone or in combination with Bacilar. The results showed that cytotoxicity of Bacilar and dimethoate combination depended on their concentrations. Higher concentrations of Bacilar induced significant changes in some biochemical parameters. Dimethoate or/and Bacilar, in sub-lethal concentrations, induced oxidative damages in fish. Finally, these data support the hypothesis that changes in biochemical parameters were induced by exposure to dimethoate and/or Bacilar.
杀虫剂和化肥是最常见的农用化学品，它们通过不同的途径进入农田中的水生生态系统，从而影响鱼类。在这项研究中，我们测量了乐果和生物肥料巴力利对鲤鱼的氧化应激和生化参数的影响。为此，将鱼暴露于 16 和 32μg/L 乐果、0.1 和 0.2ml/L 巴力利以及这两种化合物的混合物中 14 天。结果表明，巴力利增加了鳃中的天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、肝脏中的 AST 和肾脏中的过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性（0.2ml/L），但降低了肝脏中的乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）和葡萄糖 6-磷酸脱氢酶（G6PDH）活性。乐果单独或与巴力利联合使用，显著增加了鳃中的 LDH、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、AST 和 CAT 活性。单独或与巴力利联合使用乐果会导致鱼肝脏中的 LDH、G6PDH 活性、总抗氧化剂（TA）和糖原水平以及肾脏中的 TA 显著降低。单独或与巴力利联合使用乐果会导致鱼肝脏和肾脏中的丙二醛（MDA）、ALP、AST、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）和 CAT 活性显著增加。结果表明，巴力利和乐果联合使用的细胞毒性取决于它们的浓度。较高浓度的巴力利会导致一些生化参数发生显著变化。在亚致死浓度下，乐果或/和巴力利会在鱼体内引起氧化损伤。最后，这些数据支持了这样的假设，即暴露于乐果和/或巴力利会引起生化参数的变化。
