From the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (Drs. Ravitz, Watson, and Lawson); Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto (Drs. Ravitz, Lawson, and Park); Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto (Dr. Watson); University of Massachusetts (Drs. Constantino and Bernecker); Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine (Dr. Swartz).
Harv Rev Psychiatry. 2019 May/Jun;27(3):165-180. doi: 10.1097/HRP.0000000000000219.
Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) is an affect- and relationally focused, time-limited treatment supported by research spanning >4 decades. IPT focuses on stressful interpersonal experiences of loss, life changes, disputes, and social isolation. It emphasizes the role of relationships in recovery. This scoping review describes, within a historical perspective, IPT's evolution as an evidence-supported treatment of psychiatric disorders.
English-language publications (n = 1119) identified via EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases (1974-2017), augmented with manual reference searches, were coded for clinical focus, population demographics, format, setting, publication type, and research type. Quantitative and qualitative analyses identified IPT publications' characteristics and trends over four epochs of psychotherapy research.
IPT literature primarily focused on depression (n = 772 articles; 69%), eating disorders (n = 135; 12%), anxiety disorders (n = 68; 6%), and bipolar disorder (n = 44; 4%), with rising publication rates and numbers of well-conducted randomized, controlled trials over time, justifying inclusion in consensus treatment guidelines. Research trends shifted from efficacy trials to effectiveness studies and population-based dissemination initiatives. Process research examined correlates of improvement and efficacy moderators. Innovations included global initiatives, prevention trials, and digital, web-based training and treatment.
Sparked by clinical innovations and scientific advances, IPT has evolved as an effective treatment of psychiatric disorders across the lifespan for diverse patients, including underserved clinical populations. Future research to elucidate mechanisms of change, improve access, and adapt to changing frameworks of psychopathology and treatment planning is needed. IPT addresses the universal centrality of relationships to mental health, which is as relevant today as it was over 40 years ago.
人际心理治疗（IPT）是一种以情感和人际关系为重点、以时间为限制的治疗方法，得到了超过 40 年的研究支持。IPT 关注的是与丧失、生活变化、争执和社会隔离等压力性人际经历相关的问题。它强调人际关系在康复中的作用。本范围综述从历史角度描述了 IPT 作为一种支持证据的精神障碍治疗方法的演变过程。
通过 EMBASE、MEDLINE、PsycINFO 和 Web of Science 数据库（1974-2017 年），以及手动参考搜索，共识别出 1119 篇英文出版物，对其进行临床重点、人群人口统计学、格式、设置、出版类型和研究类型的编码。定量和定性分析确定了 IPT 出版物在四个心理治疗研究时期的特征和趋势。
IPT 文献主要集中在抑郁症（n = 772 篇；69%）、饮食障碍（n = 135 篇；12%）、焦虑障碍（n = 68 篇；6%）和双相障碍（n = 44 篇；4%），随着时间的推移，出版物的数量和数量不断增加，并且进行了良好的随机对照试验，这证明了它们被纳入共识治疗指南的合理性。研究趋势从疗效试验转向有效性研究和基于人群的传播计划。过程研究检查了改善的相关性和疗效调节因素。创新包括全球倡议、预防试验以及数字、基于网络的培训和治疗。
IPT 受到临床创新和科学进步的推动，已发展成为一种有效的精神障碍治疗方法，适用于不同患者，包括服务不足的临床人群。未来需要进行研究以阐明变化的机制、改善获得途径，并适应不断变化的精神病理学和治疗计划框架。IPT 解决了关系对心理健康的普遍重要性，这与 40 多年前一样具有现实意义。
