Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Addict Biol. 2020 Mar;25(2):e12732. doi: 10.1111/adb.12732. Epub 2019 Mar 18.
Alcohol exposure typically begins in adolescence, and frequent binge drinking has been associated with health risk behaviors including alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Few studies have documented the effects of a history of adolescent binge drinking on neurophysiological consequences in young adulthood. Synchrony of phase (phase locking (PL)) of event-related oscillations (EROs) within and between different brain areas reflects communication exchange between neural networks and is a sensitive measure of adolescent development in both rats and humans, and thus may be a good translational measure of the potential harmful effects of alcohol exposure during adolescence. In this study, EROs were collected from 1041 young adults of Mexican American and American Indian ancestry (age 18-30 years) with and without a history of adolescent binge drinking (five drinks for boys and four for girls per occasion at least once per month) and in 74 young adult rats with and without a history of 5 weeks of adolescent alcohol vapor exposure. PL of theta and beta frequencies between frontal and parietal cortex were estimated using an auditory-oddball paradigm in the rats and a visual facial expression paradigm in the humans. Significantly lower PL between frontal and parietal cortices in the theta frequencies was seen in both the humans and the rats with a history of adolescent alcohol exposure as compared with their controls. These findings suggest that alcohol exposure during adolescence may result in decreases in synchrony between cortical neuronal networks, suggesting a developmental delay, in young adult humans and in rats.
酒精暴露通常始于青春期，频繁的狂饮与包括酒精使用障碍（AUD）在内的健康风险行为有关。很少有研究记录青少年狂饮史对成年早期神经生理后果的影响。事件相关振荡（EROs）在不同脑区内部和之间的相位（相位锁定（PL））同步反映了神经网络之间的信息交换，是大鼠和人类青春期发育的敏感衡量标准，因此可能是衡量酒精暴露对青春期潜在有害影响的良好转化衡量标准。在这项研究中，从具有和不具有青少年狂饮史的 1041 名墨西哥裔美国人和美洲印第安人后裔的年轻人（18-30 岁）中收集了 EROs，这些年轻人中有（男孩每次至少每月一次，每次五杯，女孩每次至少每月一次，每次四杯），并在具有和不具有青少年酒精蒸气暴露 5 周历史的 74 只成年大鼠中收集了 EROs。使用听觉Oddball 范式在大鼠中以及使用视觉面部表情范式在人类中估计了额皮质和顶皮质之间的 theta 和 beta 频率的 PL。与对照组相比，具有青少年酒精暴露史的人类和大鼠的 theta 频率的额皮质和顶皮质之间的 PL 明显降低。这些发现表明，青春期的酒精暴露可能导致皮质神经元网络之间的同步性降低，表明年轻人和大鼠的发育延迟。
