Sacitharan Pradeep Kumar
Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Subcell Biochem. 2019;91:123-159. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-3681-2_6.
The increase in global lifespan has in turn increased the prevalence of osteoarthritis which is now the most common type of arthritis. Cartilage tissue located on articular joints erodes during osteoarthritis which causes pain and may lead to a crippling loss of function in patients. The pathophysiology of osteoarthritis has been understudied and currently no disease modifying treatments exist. The only current end-point treatment remains joint replacement surgery. The primary risk factor for osteoarthritis is age. Clinical and basic research is now focused on understanding the ageing process of cartilage and its role in osteoarthritis. This chapter will outline the physiology of cartilage tissue, the clinical presentation and treatment options for the disease and the cellular ageing processes which are involved in the pathophysiology of the disease.
全球寿命的延长反过来又增加了骨关节炎的患病率，骨关节炎现已成为最常见的关节炎类型。骨关节炎期间，位于关节处的软骨组织会受到侵蚀，这会导致疼痛，并可能导致患者功能严重丧失。骨关节炎的病理生理学研究不足，目前尚无改善病情的治疗方法。目前唯一的终点治疗方法仍然是关节置换手术。骨关节炎的主要危险因素是年龄。临床和基础研究目前集中在了解软骨的老化过程及其在骨关节炎中的作用。本章将概述软骨组织的生理学、该疾病的临床表现和治疗选择，以及参与该疾病病理生理学的细胞老化过程。
