National Veterinary Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Al. Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy, Poland.
Viruses. 2019 Mar 18;11(3):270. doi: 10.3390/v11030270.
The compartmentalization of small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) subtype A17 was analyzed in colostrum and peripheral blood leukocyte cells of three naturally infected goats. This study aimed to analyze heterogeneity of the SRLV (V4V5) gene, which encodes neutralizing epitopes of SU glycoprotein, the gene encoding capsid protein (CA), and LTR, a noncoding region, responsible for determination of cell tropism. Compartmentalization was assessed using six established tree or distance-based methods, including permutation test to determine statistical significance. We found statistical evidence of compartmentalization between blood and colostrum in all infected goats although phylogenetic evidence of such compartmentalization was not obvious. Our study demonstrated that compartmentalization is not exclusively specific to the gene, as we revealed that and LTR sequences are also compartmentalized between blood and colostrum. The work also confirms the combined use of different methods as essential for reliable determination of intrahost viral compartmentalization. Identifying and characterizing distinct viral subpopulations and the genetic evolution of SRLV in specific anatomical sites enhances our overall understanding of SRLV pathogenesis, immune control, and particularly virus transmission.
小反刍兽瘟病毒（SRLV）亚型 A17 的隔室化在 3 只自然感染的山羊的初乳和外周血白细胞细胞中进行了分析。本研究旨在分析 SRLV（V4V5）基因的异质性，该基因编码 SU 糖蛋白的中和表位，编码衣壳蛋白（CA）的基因，以及 LTR，一个负责决定细胞嗜性的非编码区。使用六种已建立的树或基于距离的方法评估隔室化，包括用于确定统计显著性的置换检验。我们发现所有感染山羊的血液和初乳之间存在隔室化的统计证据，尽管在系统发育上这种隔室化的证据并不明显。我们的研究表明，隔室化并非仅特定于基因，因为我们揭示了和 LTR 序列在血液和初乳之间也是隔室化的。该工作还证实了联合使用不同方法对于可靠确定宿主内病毒隔室化是必不可少的。鉴定和描述特定解剖部位中不同的病毒亚群和 SRLV 的遗传进化，增强了我们对 SRLV 发病机制、免疫控制的整体理解，特别是病毒传播。
