埃塞俄比亚南部比尔比尔镇小学生肠道寄生虫感染现状及其相关因素分析。
Current status of intestinal parasitic infections and associated factors among primary school children in Birbir town, Southern Ethiopia.
机构信息
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.
出版信息
BMC Infect Dis. 2019 Mar 19;19(1):270. doi: 10.1186/s12879-019-3879-5.
BACKGROUND
Intestinal parasites still pose major public health problems in developing countries like Ethiopia. Local epidemiological data is indispensable in order to design and monitor prevention and control strategies. Therefore the present study aimed to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and associated factors among students at Birbir town, Southern Ethiopia.
METHODS
A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to May 2018. Three hundred fifty-one students, who were selected by stratified followed by systematic random sampling, participated in the study. Socio-demographic information was collected using a structured questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements of height and weight were taken at the time of interview. Stool samples were collected and processed by direct wet mount and formol-ether concentration techniques for microscopic detection of intestinal parasites. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.
RESULTS
Among 351 (180 male and 171 female) children participated, 135 (38.5%) and 216 (61.5%) were within the age groups of 5-9 and 10-14 respectively. Ninety five (27.1%; 95%CI: 22.2-31.9) of them were tested positive for intestinal parasites. Helminths and protozoa account 21.1 and 7.1% prevalences respectively. Seventy eight children were infected with a single parasite species while 17 were positive for double or triple infections. A. lumbricoides (31, 8.8%) was the most frequently detected parasite followed by T. trichiura (20, 5.7%) and hookworms (19, 5.4%). Age group of 10-14 years (AOR = 2.51; 95%CI: 1.41-4.45, p = 0.002) and absence of hand washing habit after toilet (AOR = 4.49; 95%CI: 2.00-10.1, p = 0.001) were significantly associated with intestinal parasitic infection.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among school age children is still unacceptably high. Age group of 10-14 year old and not having habit of hand washing after toilet were significantly associated with intestinal parasitic infection. The ongoing school based deworming should be strengthened and be integrated with school health programs.
背景
肠道寄生虫仍然是埃塞俄比亚等发展中国家的主要公共卫生问题。为了设计和监测预防和控制策略，当地的流行病学数据是必不可少的。因此，本研究旨在评估比里比镇学生肠道寄生虫感染的流行情况和相关因素。
方法
2018 年 3 月至 5 月进行了一项以学校为基础的横断面研究。通过分层后系统随机抽样，选择了 351 名学生参加研究。使用结构化问卷收集社会人口统计学信息。在访谈时测量身高和体重的人体测量学指标。采集粪便样本，采用直接湿片和甲醛乙醚浓缩技术进行显微镜检测肠道寄生虫。使用 SPSS 版本 20 分析数据。
结果
在所参与的 351 名（180 名男性和 171 名女性）儿童中，135 名（38.5%）和 216 名（61.5%）分别处于 5-9 岁和 10-14 岁年龄组。95 名（27.1%；95%CI：22.2-31.9）儿童肠道寄生虫检测呈阳性。蠕虫和原虫的患病率分别为 21.1%和 7.1%。78 名儿童感染单一寄生虫种，17 名儿童感染双重或三重感染。A. lumbricoides（31，8.8%）是最常检测到的寄生虫，其次是 T. trichiura（20，5.7%）和钩虫（19，5.4%）。10-14 岁年龄组（AOR=2.51；95%CI：1.41-4.45，p=0.002）和便后不洗手的习惯（AOR=4.49；95%CI：2.00-10.1，p=0.001）与肠道寄生虫感染显著相关。
结论
学龄儿童肠道寄生虫感染的流行率仍然高得令人无法接受。10-14 岁年龄组和便后不洗手的习惯与肠道寄生虫感染显著相关。应加强现有的学校驱虫工作，并将其与学校卫生计划结合起来。
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