ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Front Public Health. 2024 Mar 21;12:1283054. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1283054. eCollection 2024.
According to the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 report, up to 1.5 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) are lost due to soil-transmitted helminths (STHs), and 5.9 million people are at risk of acquiring STHs. Regions with the highest prevalence of STH infections include Sub-Saharan Africa, China, South America, and Asia. While there are numerous fragmented studies on STH, comprehensive information on the prevalence and geographic distribution of different species, as well as their regional variations in the context of STHs is limited. The present systematic review and meta-analysis study attempts to provide a summary of the prevalence, geographical variation, and determinants of STHs among schoolchildren aged 5 to 18 years.
An extensive literature search was carried out using PubMed, Embase, Cinhal, and Psychinfo for studies published between 1999 and 2022 that reported the rate of STH infection in school-going children aged 5-18 years. A random effects model was employed in this meta-analysis due to expected heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis was carried out based on sex and STH species because of expected geographical variation.
A total of 19,725 of the 49,630 children examined were infected with STH, yielding an overall pooled prevalence of 37.16% (95% CI: 29.74-44.89). The prevalence was highest in the Western Pacific region at 50.41% (95% CI: 33.74-67.04) followed by Europe at 39.74% (95% CI: 20.40-61.0) and Africa at 37.10% (95% CI: 26.84-47.95). was found to be the most prevalent helminth with a prevalence of 24.07% (95% CI: 17.07-31.83).
The Western Pacific region is classified as a High-risk Zone (HRZ), while Southeast Asia, Africa, Europe, and the Eastern Mediterranean are classified as moderate-risk zones (MRZs). We found a 12% reduction in the pooled prevalence of STH infection from 1999 to 2012. was the predominant species among schoolchildren. Mass Drug Administration (MDA) of Albendazole tablets and improved water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) practices are effective in controlling and preventing STH. Ensuring their implementation and access is crucial to addressing the problem.
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#loginpage, CRD42022333341.
根据 2019 年全球疾病负担（GBD）报告，有 150 万残疾调整生命年（DALYs）因土壤传播的蠕虫（STHs）而丧失，有 590 万人面临感染 STH 的风险。STH 感染率最高的地区包括撒哈拉以南非洲、中国、南美洲和亚洲。虽然有许多关于 STH 的零散研究，但关于不同物种的流行率和地理分布以及它们在 STH 背景下的区域变化的综合信息有限。本系统评价和荟萃分析研究旨在总结 5-18 岁学龄儿童 STH 感染的流行率、地理变异性和决定因素。
使用 PubMed、Embase、Cinhal 和 Psychinfo 对 1999 年至 2022 年期间发表的报告 5-18 岁学龄儿童 STH 感染率的研究进行了广泛的文献检索。由于预期存在异质性，因此本荟萃分析采用了随机效应模型。由于预期存在地理变异，因此根据性别和 STH 物种进行了亚组分析。
在检查的 49630 名儿童中，共有 19725 名儿童感染 STH，总体合并患病率为 37.16%（95%CI：29.74-44.89）。西太平洋地区的患病率最高，为 50.41%（95%CI：33.74-67.04），其次是欧洲，为 39.74%（95%CI：20.40-61.0）和非洲，为 37.10%（95%CI：26.84-47.95）。 被发现是最流行的寄生虫，患病率为 24.07%（95%CI：17.07-31.83）。
西太平洋地区被归类为高风险区（HRZ），而东南亚、非洲、欧洲和东地中海被归类为中风险区（MRZ）。我们发现，1999 年至 2012 年期间，STH 感染的合并患病率降低了 12%。 在学龄儿童中是主要的寄生虫。阿苯达唑片的大规模药物治疗（MDA）和改善的水、环境卫生和个人卫生（WASH）做法在控制和预防 STH 方面非常有效。确保其实施和获取对于解决这一问题至关重要。
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#loginpage，CRD42022333341。
