Shilt Jeffrey S, Seibert Pennie S, Kadyan Vivek
Idaho Spasticity Program, Saint Alphonsus Health Systems, Boise, ID.
Department of Psychology, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA,
Degener Neurol Neuromuscul Dis. 2012 Oct 3;2:133-140. doi: 10.2147/DNND.S16630. eCollection 2012.
Spasticity is characterized by velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes and tendon jerks. Many people affected by spasticity receive late treatment, or no treatment, which greatly reduces the potential to regain full motor control and restore function. There is much to consider before determining treatment for people with spasticity. Treatment of pediatric patients increases the complexity, because of the substantial difference between adult and pediatric spasticity. Proper patient evaluation, utilization of scales and measures, and obtaining patient and caregiver history is vital in determining optimal spasticity treatment. Further, taking into consideration the limitations and desires of individuals serve as a guide to best management. We have grouped contributing factors into the IDAHO Criteria to elucidate a multidisciplinary approach, which considers a person's complete field of experience. This model is applied to goal setting, and recognizes the importance of a spasticity management team, comprising the treatment subject, his/her family, the environment, and a supportive, well-informed medical staff. The criteria take into account the complexity associated with diagnosing and treating spasticity, with the ultimate goal of improved function.
痉挛的特点是紧张性牵张反射和腱反射随速度增加。许多受痉挛影响的人接受治疗较晚或未接受治疗，这大大降低了重新获得完全运动控制和恢复功能的可能性。在确定痉挛患者的治疗方案之前，有许多因素需要考虑。由于成人和儿童痉挛存在显著差异，儿童患者的治疗会增加复杂性。正确的患者评估、量表和测量方法的使用以及获取患者和护理人员的病史对于确定最佳痉挛治疗方案至关重要。此外，考虑个体的局限性和愿望可作为最佳管理的指南。我们将促成因素归纳为爱达荷州标准，以阐明一种多学科方法，该方法考虑了一个人的完整经历范围。该模型应用于目标设定，并认识到由治疗对象、其家人、环境以及支持性且信息灵通的医务人员组成的痉挛管理团队的重要性。这些标准考虑到了与诊断和治疗痉挛相关的复杂性，最终目标是改善功能。
