Plate Rista C, Bloomberg Zachary, Bolt Daniel M, Bechner Anna M, Roeber Barbara J, Pollak Seth D
Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.
Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.
Front Psychol. 2019 Mar 5;10:440. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00440. eCollection 2019.
Childhood maltreatment is a critical problem in the United States. Much attention has been paid to the negative outcomes suffered by victims of abuse. Less attention has been devoted to understanding the emotional environments of maltreated children. One assumption, which has stood without empirical test, is that abused children encounter a high degree of anger in their home environments. Anger exposure is thought to be a source of stress for children in abusive environments and a potential link between the experience of abuse and the development of health and behavioral problems. We tested this notion by assessing data on over 1,000 parents and guardians of 3- to 17-year-old children who were participants in child development studies. Abuse was measured via records from Child Protective Services regarding substantiated and unsubstantiated claims of abuse as well as parent/guardian report. We compared self-reported experiences of anger from parents/guardians of children who have experienced abuse with those who have not. We found support for the claim that caregivers of abused children experience and express high levels of anger. Better characterization of the emotional environments in which abused children develop is critical for understanding how and why abuse affects children and has important implications for informing interventions.
儿童期受虐是美国一个严峻的问题。人们十分关注虐待受害者所遭受的负面后果。而对于了解受虐儿童的情感环境则关注较少。一个未经实证检验的假设是,受虐儿童在家庭环境中会遭遇高度的愤怒情绪。愤怒情绪的暴露被认为是虐待环境中儿童压力的一个来源,也是虐待经历与健康及行为问题发展之间的一个潜在联系。我们通过评估1000多名3至17岁儿童的父母及监护人的数据来验证这一观点,这些儿童参与了儿童发展研究。虐待情况通过儿童保护服务机构关于已证实和未证实的虐待指控记录以及父母/监护人报告来衡量。我们将有过受虐经历儿童的父母/监护人自我报告的愤怒经历与没有受虐经历儿童的父母/监护人进行了比较。我们发现有证据支持这一说法,即受虐儿童的照料者会经历并表现出高度的愤怒情绪。更好地描述受虐儿童成长的情感环境对于理解虐待如何以及为何影响儿童至关重要,并且对指导干预措施具有重要意义。