Lopes Amanda Forster, Frota Maria Tereza Borges Araujo, Leone Claudio, Szarfarc Sophia Cornbluth
Departamento de Saúde, Ciclos de Vida e Sociedade da Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo (SP), Brasil.
Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Maranhão - São Luís (MA), Brasil.
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2019 Mar 14;22:e190008. doi: 10.1590/1980-549720190008.
Combating malnutrition is among the greatest health challenges and needs to be guided by the reality of each region. Studies that assess nutritional status are essential to support interventions, especially in children.
To analyze the nutritional status of under-five children attended by the family health strategyin the state of Maranhao.
Cross-sectional study with children of a sample of probabilistic and stratified representative for the state, six to 59 months. The variables age of the child, gender, household situation and Food Insecurity (Brazilian Scale of Food Insecurity) classification were collected through interviews. The z-score (Z) values of height for age, weight for height and Body Mass Index (BMI) for age were calculated.Thenutritional status of the children was classified according to the norms of the Ministry of Health. Statistical methods of correlation were used to analyze the data.
Of the 956 children, 9.6% had low or very low height for age. According to the BMI for age overweight was observed in 23.2% of children. The rural children have on average less height and body mass index Z. In total 70.4% of children were food insecure with inverse correlation with height-for-age Z (r = -0,15, p < 0,0001) and no correlation with BMI z score for age (r = -0,05, p= 0,09).
Chronic malnutrition can still be considered a public health problem despite the nutritional transition that already occurs in these families.
对抗营养不良是最大的健康挑战之一，需要以每个地区的实际情况为指导。评估营养状况的研究对于支持干预措施至关重要，尤其是对儿童而言。
分析马拉尼昂州家庭健康战略所服务的五岁以下儿童的营养状况。
对该州具有概率性和分层代表性样本中的六至59个月大儿童进行横断面研究。通过访谈收集儿童年龄、性别、家庭状况和粮食不安全状况（巴西粮食不安全量表）分类等变量。计算年龄别身高、身高别体重和年龄别体重指数（BMI）的z评分（Z）值。根据卫生部的标准对儿童的营养状况进行分类。使用相关性统计方法分析数据。
在956名儿童中，9.6%的儿童年龄别身高偏低或极低。根据年龄别BMI，23.2%的儿童超重。农村儿童的身高和体重指数Z平均较低。共有70.4%的儿童粮食不安全，与年龄别身高Z呈负相关（r = -0.15，p < 0.0001），与年龄别BMI z评分无相关性（r = -0.05，p = 0.09）。
尽管这些家庭已经发生了营养转变，但慢性营养不良仍可被视为一个公共卫生问题。
