Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said Governorate, Egypt.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2019 Jul;66(4):1506-1517. doi: 10.1111/tbed.13170. Epub 2019 Apr 15.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been shown to be the predominant life-threatening pathogen in Egypt. MRSA is a major cause of severe healthcare-associated (HA) infections. During the last decades, the incidence of community-associated (CA) MRSA infections has a complex epidemiology arising from the circulation of different strains in the general population. Moreover, livestock-associated (LA) MRSA emerged recently becomes an emerging threat to public health. Therefore, it is important to illuminate the differences between CA-, HA- and LA-MRSA to shed light on their genetic diversity and evolution. This study presents the first data on analysing the correlation between CA-, LA- and HA-MRSA using antibiogram typing, molecular characteristics and antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes' profiles. Overall, HA-MRSA strains tended to be multidrug resistant and less virulent than both LA- and CA-MRSA strains. Importantly, CA-MRSA strains had a high homology with each of HA- and LA-MRSA. However, no similarity was observed between HA- and LA-MRSA. Our findings suggest that the epidemiological changes in genetic behaviour between HA- and LA-MRSA are due to the presence of CA-MRSA confirming that CA-MRSA has created a public health crisis worldwide.
耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)已被证明是埃及主要的危及生命的病原体。MRSA 是严重的与医疗保健相关(HA)感染的主要原因。在过去几十年中,社区相关(CA)MRSA 感染的发病率呈现出一种复杂的流行病学特征,源于不同菌株在普通人群中的传播。此外,最近出现的与牲畜相关(LA)MRSA 成为了对公众健康的新兴威胁。因此,阐明 CA-、HA-和 LA-MRSA 之间的差异,揭示它们的遗传多样性和进化,是非常重要的。本研究首次利用抗生素药敏谱分型、分子特征和抗菌药物耐药性及毒力基因谱,分析 CA-、LA-和 HA-MRSA 之间的相关性。总体而言,HA-MRSA 菌株往往比 LA-和 CA-MRSA 菌株具有更高的耐药性和较低的毒力。重要的是,CA-MRSA 菌株与 HA-和 LA-MRSA 菌株具有高度同源性。然而,HA-和 LA-MRSA 菌株之间没有相似性。我们的研究结果表明,HA-和 LA-MRSA 之间遗传行为的流行病学变化是由于 CA-MRSA 的存在所致,这证实了 CA-MRSA 在全球范围内引发了公共卫生危机。