Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Mar 19;16(6):991. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16060991.
Research on the health impacts of green environments has mainly been conducted in developed countries. Differences in the urban forms between China and Western countries make it essential to understand the role of greenspace in Chinese settings. From 2014 to 2015, middle school students ( = 5643) in Suzhou, China were enrolled in a study on the health effect of residential greenness. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and distance to the nearest park were calculated for each home address. Logistic regression was performed to test associations between exposure and self-reported doctor diagnoses of asthma, pneumonia, rhinitis, and eczema, adjusting for important confounders. No statistically significant associations were observed for any seasonal NDVI-based measures. However, the proximity of the participants' residences to the closest park showed an inverse relationship to reported symptoms. The odds ratios for the furthest quartile compared to the closest quartile based on the distance to the nearest park were 0.58 (95% CI: 0.35, 0.99), 0.70 (95% CI: 0.50, 0.96), 0.92 (95% CI: 0.74, 1.15), 0.97 (95% CI: 0.76, 1.24), 0.86 (95% CI: 0.68, 1.10) for current asthma, ever asthma, ever pneumonia, ever rhinitis, and ever eczema, respectively. These findings focused on a single Chinese city and suggest that exposure to natural vegetation in urban areas may affect health through various pathways.
绿色环境对健康影响的研究主要在发达国家进行。中国和西方国家的城市形态存在差异，因此有必要了解绿地在中国环境中的作用。2014 年至 2015 年，中国苏州的中学生（=5643 人）参与了一项关于居住绿化对健康影响的研究。为每个家庭住址计算归一化差异植被指数（NDVI）和到最近公园的距离。采用 logistic 回归检验暴露与自我报告的哮喘、肺炎、鼻炎和湿疹的医生诊断之间的关联，同时调整了重要的混杂因素。任何基于季节性 NDVI 的措施都没有观察到统计学上显著的关联。然而，参与者居住地与最近公园的距离与报告的症状呈反比关系。基于到最近公园的距离，最远距离 quartile 与最近 quartile 的比值比分别为 0.58（95%CI：0.35，0.99）、0.70（95%CI：0.50，0.96）、0.92（95%CI：0.74，1.15）、0.97（95%CI：0.76，1.24）和 0.86（95%CI：0.68，1.10），用于当前哮喘、既往哮喘、既往肺炎、既往鼻炎和既往湿疹。这些发现集中在中国的一个城市，表明城市地区接触自然植被可能通过多种途径影响健康。
