Wei Dong, Liu Yu-Wei, Zhang Ying-Xin, Wang Jin-Jun
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
International Joint Laboratory of China-Belgium on Sustainable Crop Pest Control, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
Insects. 2019 Mar 19;10(3):79. doi: 10.3390/insects10030079.
Peptidoglycans (PGNs) are major bacterial components recognized by the immune systems of insects and mammals. PGN recognition proteins (PGRPs) are widely distributed and highly conserved in vertebrates and invertebrates. PGRPs are a family of pattern recognition receptors that recognize peptidoglycan and regulate immune responses. In this study, we cloned two PGRP genes ( and ) from (Hendel), which encode 192 and 196 amino acid residues, respectively. Both genes were highly expressed in adults, especially in the fat body and midgut. These two genes were up-regulated when challenged by the immune triggers, PGN-EB ( O111:B4) and PGN-SA (). The suppression of transcriptional expression of either gene by RNA interference (RNAi) resulted in increased sensitivities to Gram-negative and Gram-positive PGNs Suppression of and - expression by RNAi resulted in weak expressions of four antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) upon injected with or . and - are involved in recognizing both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria independently to activate the downstream AMP's response to bacterial infection.
肽聚糖（PGNs）是昆虫和哺乳动物免疫系统识别的主要细菌成分。肽聚糖识别蛋白（PGRPs）在脊椎动物和无脊椎动物中广泛分布且高度保守。PGRPs是一类识别肽聚糖并调节免疫反应的模式识别受体。在本研究中，我们从亨氏按蚊（Hendel）中克隆了两个PGRP基因（和），它们分别编码192和196个氨基酸残基。这两个基因在成虫中高表达，尤其是在脂肪体和中肠。当受到免疫触发物PGN-EB（大肠杆菌O111:B4）和PGN-SA（）刺激时，这两个基因上调。通过RNA干扰（RNAi）抑制任一基因的转录表达都会导致对革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌肽聚糖的敏感性增加。通过RNAi抑制和基因的表达会导致在注射或后四种抗菌肽（AMPs）的表达减弱。和分别独立参与识别革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌，以激活下游抗菌肽对细菌感染的反应。
