Alvarez-Moreno Carlos, Lavergne Rose-Anne, Hagen Ferry, Morio Florent, Meis Jacques F, Le Pape Patrice
a Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina , Universidad Nacional de Colombia , Bogotá , Colombia.
b Departamento Enfermedades Infecciosas , Clínica Universitaria Colombia, Colsanitas, Keralty group, Bogotá , Colombia.
Mycologia. 2019 Mar-Apr;111(2):217-224. doi: 10.1080/00275514.2018.1557796. Epub 2019 Mar 21.
Aspergillus fumigatus resistant to azole as first-line therapy has been reported in azole-naïve patients. This worldwide resistance phenomenon has been linked to fungicide-driven alterations in the cyp51A gene and its promoter region (such as TR/L98H and TR/Y121F/T289A). Azole-resistant A. fumigatus related to the use of triazole fungicides in flower fields was recently reported In Colombia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of azole-resistant A. fumigatus in soil samples from vegetable crops such as carrots, potatoes, maize, strawberries, and pea, and from prepared farming land surrounding the city of Bogotá. Species identification was based on sequencing of the β-tubulin and calmodulin genes. All A. fumigatus strains were screened for azole resistance on agar supplemented with itraconazole or voriconazole. Among the 60 soil samples, 34 (56.6%) were positive for A. fumigatus and 15 samples exhibited strains (n = 18) that grew on agar supplemented with itraconazole or voriconazole. Triazole-resistant strains were isolated from soil samples associated with carrot, potato, maize, and pea crops. Sequencing of the cyp51A gene and its promoter region indicated polymorphism, mainly with the presence of TR/Y121F/T289A (n = 8), TR/L98H, and TR. Eight resistant isolates exhibited cyp51A wild type without alterations in the promoter region. Our study showed evidence of dissemination of azole-resistant A. fumigatus, with high genetic diversity, in vegetable crops in Colombia. These data underline the need to determine the prevalence of azole resistance in A. fumigatus in clinical and environmental settings for other regions of Colombia as well as Latin America.
在初治患者中已报告了对唑类作为一线治疗耐药的烟曲霉。这种全球范围内的耐药现象与杀菌剂驱动的cyp51A基因及其启动子区域的改变有关（如TR/L98H和TR/Y121F/T289A）。最近在哥伦比亚报告了与花卉田中使用三唑类杀菌剂相关的耐唑烟曲霉。本研究的目的是调查在来自胡萝卜、土豆、玉米、草莓和豌豆等蔬菜作物以及波哥大市周边已开垦农田的土壤样本中是否存在耐唑烟曲霉。物种鉴定基于β-微管蛋白和钙调蛋白基因的测序。所有烟曲霉菌株都在补充了伊曲康唑或伏立康唑的琼脂上进行唑类耐药性筛选。在60份土壤样本中，34份（56.6%）烟曲霉呈阳性，15份样本中出现了能在补充了伊曲康唑或伏立康唑的琼脂上生长的菌株（n = 18）。耐三唑菌株从与胡萝卜、土豆、玉米和豌豆作物相关的土壤样本中分离得到。cyp51A基因及其启动子区域的测序表明存在多态性，主要存在TR/Y121F/T289A（n = 8）、TR/L98H和TR。8株耐药分离株表现出cyp51A野生型，启动子区域无改变。我们的研究显示了在哥伦比亚蔬菜作物中存在具有高遗传多样性的耐唑烟曲霉传播的证据。这些数据强调了确定哥伦比亚其他地区以及拉丁美洲临床和环境环境中烟曲霉唑类耐药性流行情况的必要性。
