Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
Departamento Enfermedades Infecciosas, Clínica Universitaria Colombia Bogotá, Colombia.
Sci Rep. 2017 Mar 30;7:45631. doi: 10.1038/srep45631.
Resistance to triazoles in Aspergillus fumigatus has been reported in azole-naive patients in Europe, Asia, Australia and North America. This resistance has been linked to fungicide-driven mutations in the cyp51A gene and its promoter region. We investigated the presence of environmental azole-resistant A. fumigatus strains related to the use of azole fungicides in Colombia. Soil samples were collected from flower beds, flower fields and public gardens from the outskirts, suburbs and city centre of Bogotá. Out of the 86 soil samples taken, 17 (19.8%) grew A. fumigatus of whom eight (9.3%) contained 40 strains able to grow on azole-containing itraconazole and/or voriconazole supplemented media. All but one triazole-resistant strains were isolated from soil samples collected from flower fields and flower beds (39/40). Importantly, the majority had the TR/Y121F/T289A, TR/L98H, and TR molecular resistance mechanisms and one azole resistant strain had a wild-type cyp51A gene. Soil samples from flower fields and beds contained 4 azole fungicides (penconazole, difenoconazole, tetraconazole and tebuconazole) above the limit of detection. Our findings underline the need for extensive investigations to determine azole-resistant A. fumigatus prevalence in both clinical and environmental samples in other regions of Latin America.
在欧洲、亚洲、澳大利亚和北美洲，唑类药物初治患者中已报告有烟曲霉对三唑类药物的耐药性。这种耐药性与 cyp51A 基因及其启动子区域中杀真菌剂驱动的突变有关。我们研究了与哥伦比亚唑类杀真菌剂使用有关的环境唑类耐药烟曲霉菌株的存在情况。从波哥大郊区、郊区和市中心的花坛、花田和公共花园采集土壤样本。在所采集的 86 个土壤样本中，有 17 个（19.8%）生长出烟曲霉，其中 8 个（9.3%）含有 40 株能够在含有唑类药物伊曲康唑和/或伏立康唑的补充培养基上生长的菌株。除了一株三唑类耐药菌株外，所有菌株均分离自花田和花坛的土壤样本（40/40）。重要的是，大多数菌株具有 TR/Y121F/T289A、TR/L98H 和 TR 分子耐药机制，而一株唑类耐药菌株具有野生型 cyp51A 基因。花田和花坛的土壤样本中含有 4 种超过检测限的唑类杀真菌剂（戊唑醇、烯唑醇、三唑酮和戊菌唑）。我们的研究结果强调需要进行广泛的调查，以确定拉丁美洲其他地区临床和环境样本中耐唑类烟曲霉的流行情况。
