Fungicidal Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles against Azole-Resistant Isolated from Yellow and White Maize.

The risk of resistance development and adverse effects on human health and the environment has increased in the last decade. Furthermore, many antifungal agents fail to inhibit the pathogenesis of azole-resistant . In this report, we isolated and identified azole-resistant isolates from two sources of maize (white and yellow maize). The susceptibilities of isolates were investigated by conventional antifungals such as Terbinfine, Fluconazole, Ketoconazole, Voricazole, Amphotericin, and Nystatin. Then zinc oxide nanoparticles associated with , which are synthesized by using the precipitation method, were examined against isolated fungi. The results showed that twelve species of white corn were isolated out of fifty isolates, while the number of isolates from the yellow corn source was only four. Interestingly, the following antifungals have an impact effect against azole-resistant isolates: the inhibition zones of ketoconazole, voricazole, and terbinafine were 40 mm, 20 mm, and 12 mm, respectively, while the remaining antifungal agents have no effect. Similarly, the inhibition zones of the following antifungal agents were as follows: 41 mm for Terbinfine, 13 mm for Voricazole, and 11 mm for Ketoconazole against that was isolated from yellow corn. The physiochemical characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles provides evidence that ZnO-NPs associate with and have been fabricated by the precipitation method with a diameter of 25 nm. The zinc oxide nanoparticle was then used to isolate azole-resistant , and the results show that ZnO-NPs have an effect on azole-resistant isolation. The inhibition zone of zinc oxide nanoparticles against (that was isolated from white corn) was 50 mm with an MIC of 50 mg/mL, while the inhibition zone of zinc oxide nanoparticles against Azole-resistant isolated from yellow corn was 14 nm with an MIC of 25 mg/mL, which indicated that zinc oxide nanoparticles gave a better result against Azole-resistant isolated from maize.