评估头颈部外科医生对工作与生活融合的认知中的性别差异。
Assessment of Gender Differences in Perceptions of Work-Life Integration Among Head and Neck Surgeons.
机构信息
Department of Otolaryngology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock.
Department of Otolaryngology, Mt Sinai School of Medicine, New York City, New York.
出版信息
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2019 May 1;145(5):453-458. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2019.0104.
IMPORTANCE
The factors that contribute to gender discrepancies among attending head and neck surgeons have yet to be fully characterized.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the association of gender difference with the perceived quality of life of head and neck oncological surgeons.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Following approval from the American Head and Neck Society (AHNS) review board, a web-based survey study of 37 questions, mainly assessing daily lifestyle and quality of life, was sent to the entire membership.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
The main outcome assessed was perceived quality of life among female and male surgeons.
RESULTS
A total of 261 members (13.0%) responded, 71 women (27.2%) and 190 men (72.8%). In all, 66 female (92.5%) and 152 male (80%) surgeons worked at an academic institution. A greater percentage of women were at the associate professor level than men (20/64 [31%] vs 37/152 [24%]; difference, 6.9%; 95% CI, -5.6% to 20.5%) and a greater percentage of men were at the professor level than women (72/152 [47%] vs 18/64 [28%]; difference, 19%; 95% CI, 4.9% to 31.6%). This discrepancy was evident in administrative roles as well, with 4 female (6.2%) vs 23 male (17.6%) department chairs (difference, 11.3%; 95% CI, 0.9%-19.6%). Of the 71 women, 18 (25%) were not in a long-term relationship or were divorced, as opposed to 6 (3.2%) men (difference, 22%; 95% CI, 12.8%-33.5%). Women had a mean (median) 1.18 (1) children, whereas men had 2.29 (2) children. Mean age that participating women had their first child was 35.1 years, whereas the man age for men was 31.9 years. Overall, 117 men (61.9%) and 45 women (67.2%) found their family time limited compared with other otolaryngological subspecialties. Despite these results, 101 men (53.4%) vs 37 women (55.2%) stated that they had a good work-life balance. Six women vs 8 men indicated they would choose a different subspecialty if they could.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
Despite improvements in work hours and gender balance in residency programs, discrepancy in the number of female surgeons with senior academic rankings continues. However, female and male head and neck surgeons appear equally content with their subspecialty choice.
重要性
导致头颈部外科医生性别差异的因素尚未得到充分描述。
目的
评估性别差异与头颈部肿瘤外科医生感知生活质量的关系。
设计、地点和参与者：在美国头颈外科学会 (AHNS) 审查委员会批准后，对全体会员进行了一项基于网络的 37 个问题的调查研究，主要评估日常生活方式和生活质量。
主要结果和措施
主要评估结果是女性和男性外科医生的感知生活质量。
结果
共有 261 名成员（13.0%）做出了回应，其中 71 名女性（27.2%）和 190 名男性（72.8%）。共有 66 名女性（92.5%）和 152 名男性（80%）在学术机构工作。与男性相比，更多的女性处于副教授级别（20/64 [31%] 比 37/152 [24%]；差异为 6.9%；95%CI，-5.6%至 20.5%），而更多的男性处于教授级别（72/152 [47%] 比 18/64 [28%]；差异为 19%；95%CI，4.9%至 31.6%）。这种差异在行政角色中也很明显，有 4 名女性（6.2%）担任系主任，而男性有 23 名（17.6%）（差异为 11.3%；95%CI，0.9%-19.6%）。在 71 名女性中，18 名（25%）没有长期关系或离婚，而男性只有 6 名（3.2%）（差异为 22%；95%CI，12.8%-33.5%）。女性平均（中位数）有 1.18 个（1）个孩子，而男性有 2.29 个（2）个孩子。参加调查的女性第一次生育的平均年龄为 35.1 岁，而男性的年龄为 31.9 岁。总的来说，117 名男性（61.9%）和 45 名女性（67.2%）认为与其他耳鼻喉科亚专业相比，他们的家庭时间有限。尽管存在这些结果，但 101 名男性（53.4%）与 37 名女性（55.2%）表示他们的工作与生活平衡良好。6 名女性表示，如果可以的话，她们会选择其他亚专业，而 8 名男性表示。
结论和相关性
尽管住院医师培训计划中的工作时间和性别平衡有所改善，但具有高级学术排名的女性外科医生数量的差异仍在继续。然而，女性和男性的头颈部外科医生似乎对自己的亚专业选择同样满意。
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