Nestal de Moraes Gabriela, Carneiro Luciana da Torre, Maia Raquel Ciuvalschi, Lam Eric Wing-Fai, Sharrocks Andrew David
Laboratório de Hemato-Oncologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Hemato-Oncologia Molecular, Instituto Nacional do Câncer (INCA), Praça da Cruz Vermelha, 23, 6° andar, Rio de Janeiro (RJ) 20230 130, Brazil.
Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK.
Cancers (Basel). 2019 Mar 20;11(3):393. doi: 10.3390/cancers11030393.
Forkhead box (FOX) transcription factors compose a large family of regulators of key biological processes within a cell. FOXK2 is a member of FOX family, whose biological functions remain relatively unexplored, despite its description in the early nineties. More recently, growing evidence has been pointing towards a role of FOXK2 in cancer, which is likely to be context-dependent and tumour-specific. Here, we provide an overview of important aspects concerning the mechanisms of regulation of FOXK2 expression and function, as well as its complex interactions at the chromatin level, which orchestrate how it differentially regulates the expression of gene targets in pathophysiology. Particularly, we explore the emerging functions of FOXK2 as a regulator of a broad range of cancer features, such as cell proliferation and survival, DNA damage, metabolism, migration, invasion and metastasis. Finally, we discuss the prognostic value of assessing FOXK2 expression in cancer patients and how it can be potentially targeted for future anticancer interventions.
叉头框（FOX）转录因子构成了细胞内关键生物学过程的一大类调节因子家族。FOXK2是FOX家族的一员，尽管在九十年代初就有相关描述，但其生物学功能仍相对未被充分探索。最近，越来越多的证据表明FOXK2在癌症中发挥作用，这种作用可能因背景和肿瘤类型而异。在这里，我们概述了有关FOXK2表达和功能调控机制的重要方面，以及它在染色质水平上的复杂相互作用，这些相互作用协调了它在病理生理学中如何差异调节基因靶标的表达。特别是，我们探讨了FOXK2作为多种癌症特征（如细胞增殖和存活、DNA损伤、代谢、迁移、侵袭和转移）调节因子的新出现的功能。最后，我们讨论了评估癌症患者中FOXK2表达的预后价值，以及它如何可能成为未来抗癌干预的潜在靶点。
