Gibson Taylor M, Balendra Nilanthy, Ustinova Ksenia I, Langenderfer Joseph E
Department of Physical Therapy, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA.
School of Engineering and Technology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA.
Int J Exerc Sci. 2019 Mar 1;12(1):402-411. doi: 10.70252/BFXI5607. eCollection 2019.
Given the abundance of brassieres, manufacturers, and investigations of bras, it remains unclear whether the continued development of bras will provide many additional improvements in support. This study measured performance of sport bras including 4 popular bras and a new style bra at reducing breast motion during five common exercises. Bras demonstrated varying effectiveness and consistency across exercises at reducing undesirable breast motion, (hereafter referred to as kinematics). The new style bra significantly reduced vertical breast displacement and acceleration more consistently than other bras. When significant differences between bras were detected, the newer bra provided 31% greater reduction in vertical displacements and accelerations on average than other bras. Lateral reductions were smaller, less significant and no differences between bras were detected. When participants evaluated bras in terms of performance and ease of use, the newer bra was rated better than other bras by nearly a two to one ratio. There were no differences in how the bras felt, or in terms of pain and discomfort. Correlations between participant comfort and reductions in kinematics were weak and inconsistent. Results suggest continued bra development is possible in order to reduce undesirable motion especially in terms of reducing lateral motion. Additional investigation is required to examine the mechanistic reasons why bras improve comfort and potentially performance.
鉴于胸罩种类繁多、制造商众多以及对胸罩的研究众多，目前尚不清楚胸罩的持续发展是否会在支撑方面带来更多改进。本研究测量了包括4种流行胸罩和一种新型胸罩在内的运动胸罩在五种常见运动中减少乳房运动的性能。胸罩在减少不良乳房运动（以下简称运动学）方面，在不同运动中表现出不同的有效性和一致性。新型胸罩比其他胸罩更能持续显著减少乳房垂直位移和加速度。当检测到胸罩之间存在显著差异时，新型胸罩在垂直位移和加速度方面的减少幅度平均比其他胸罩大31%。横向减少幅度较小，不太显著，且未检测到胸罩之间的差异。当参与者根据性能和使用便利性对胸罩进行评估时，新型胸罩的评分比其他胸罩高出近二比一。胸罩的触感、疼痛和不适方面没有差异。参与者舒适度与运动学减少之间的相关性较弱且不一致。结果表明，胸罩的持续发展是可能的，以减少不良运动，特别是在减少横向运动方面。需要进一步研究以探究胸罩改善舒适度和潜在性能的机制原因。
