Silber Ashley Olivia, Lane Marian E, Morgan Jessica Kelley, Charm Samantha, Tharp Andra, Brown Mark
Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 101 Conner Drive, Suite 200, Chapel Hill, NC.
RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC.
Mil Med. 2019 Mar 1;184(Suppl 1):443-450. doi: 10.1093/milmed/usy350.
This study explored U.S. Air Force service members' perceptions of high-risk situations for sexual assault victimization. Qualitative data were collected from 52 active duty Airmen, including sexual assault survivors and general population officers and enlisted personnel. Participants were recruited through posted flyers, base-wide e-mail messages, and referrals from the Sexual Assault Response Coordinator's office. Content analysis was used to summarize participants' opinions and experiences. High-risk situations for all Airmen included excessive alcohol use, specific physical settings, and situations associated with work assignments. High-risk situations identified frequently by male and female sexual assault survivors and female (but not male) general population Airmen included power imbalance; isolation in the workplace and social settings; and youth, inexperience, and unfamiliarity with the military environment. Female Airmen identified workplaces with a predominance of men or being one of very few women in a group as a high-risk situation for sexual assault victimization. And female sexual assault survivors identified implicit but unwarranted trust between Airmen as a high-risk situation. This study provides new insight into gender differences in high-risk situations for sexual assault victimization, and the data can help policymakers better prevent sexual assault by appropriately tailoring and timing sexual assault risk reduction training.
本研究探讨了美国空军现役军人对性侵犯受害高风险情况的认知。从52名现役空军人员中收集了定性数据，包括性侵犯幸存者以及普通军官和士兵。参与者通过张贴传单、全基地电子邮件以及性侵犯应对协调员办公室的推荐招募而来。采用内容分析法总结参与者的意见和经历。所有空军人员面临的高风险情况包括过度饮酒、特定的物理环境以及与工作任务相关的情况。男性和女性性侵犯幸存者以及女性（而非男性）普通空军人员经常提到的高风险情况包括权力不平衡；在工作场所和社交场合被孤立；以及年轻、缺乏经验和对军事环境不熟悉。女性空军人员将男性占主导的工作场所或作为群体中极少数女性之一视为性侵犯受害的高风险情况。女性性侵犯幸存者将空军人员之间隐含但无根据的信任视为高风险情况。本研究为性侵犯受害高风险情况中的性别差异提供了新的见解，这些数据有助于政策制定者通过适当调整性侵犯风险降低培训的内容和时机，更好地预防性侵犯。
