Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Cell. 2019 Mar 21;177(1):200-220. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.02.038.
Aging negatively impacts vitality and health. Many genetic pathways that regulate aging were discovered in invertebrates. However, the genetics of aging is more complex in vertebrates because of their specialized systems. This Review discusses advances in the genetic regulation of aging in vertebrates from work in mice, humans, and organisms with exceptional lifespans. We highlight challenges for the future, including sex-dependent differences in lifespan and the interplay between genes and environment. We also discuss how the identification of reliable biomarkers of age and development of new vertebrate models can be leveraged for personalized interventions to counter aging and age-related diseases.
衰老是对活力和健康的负面影响。许多调节衰老的遗传途径是在无脊椎动物中发现的。然而，由于脊椎动物具有特殊的系统，它们的衰老遗传学更为复杂。这篇综述讨论了从老鼠、人类和具有特殊寿命的生物体的工作中发现的脊椎动物衰老的遗传调控方面的进展。我们强调了未来的挑战，包括寿命的性别依赖性差异以及基因与环境之间的相互作用。我们还讨论了如何识别可靠的年龄和发育生物标志物，并开发新的脊椎动物模型，以用于对抗衰老和与年龄相关疾病的个性化干预措施。
