Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Infectious Diseases, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Infect Genet Evol. 2019 Jul;71:189-196. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.03.013. Epub 2019 Mar 20.
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is associated with multi-factorial syndromes, commonly known as porcine-circovirus-associated diseases, which cause severe economic losses in the swine industry worldwide. Four genotypes (PCV2a, PCV2b, PCV2c, and PCV2d) have been identified. Lately, the prevalence of PCV2d has been increasing in many countries, thereby prefiguring a global replacement of PCV2b. Wild boars are also susceptible to PCV2 infection, with virus prevalence similar to that of domestic pigs. This work was aimed at expanding the knowledge about the molecular epidemiology of PCV2 in Italy. For this purpose, we analysed 40 complete ORF-2 sequences from PCV2 strains isolated from domestic pigs and wild boars in Sardinia (Italy) over a period of 5 years (2009-2013). Phylogenetic and Bayesian analyses were performed on three data sets compiled from DNA sequences over a large geographical area. PCV2b was found to be dominant in Sardinia, whereas no PCV2a and PCV2c were found. This study indicates the presence of genotype PCV2d-2 infecting both domestic and wild pigs, thus confirming its circulation in Italy. Sardinian sequences clustered mostly with Italian isolates and with strains from China, Belgium, Croatia, Taiwan, Korea, and Portugal. Genetic variability of PCV2 in Sardinia appears to be a result of both local viral evolution and different epidemic introduction events.
猪圆环病毒 2 型（PCV2）与多因素综合征有关，通常称为猪圆环病毒相关疾病，它给全球的养猪业造成了严重的经济损失。目前已经鉴定出 4 种基因型（PCV2a、PCV2b、PCV2c 和 PCV2d）。最近，PCV2d 在许多国家的流行率不断上升，预示着 PCV2b 的全球替代。野猪也容易感染 PCV2，其病毒流行率与家猪相似。这项工作旨在扩大意大利对 PCV2 分子流行病学的认识。为此，我们分析了在撒丁岛（意大利）的家猪和野猪中分离到的 40 株完整 ORF-2 序列，这些样本来自 5 年（2009-2013 年）的时间。在三个数据集上进行了基于 DNA 序列的遗传进化和贝叶斯分析，这些数据集涵盖了很大的地理区域。PCV2b 在撒丁岛占主导地位，而没有发现 PCV2a 和 PCV2c。本研究表明，PCV2d-2 基因型感染了家猪和野猪，证实了其在意大利的传播。撒丁岛的序列主要与意大利的分离株以及来自中国、比利时、克罗地亚、中国台湾、韩国和葡萄牙的分离株聚类。撒丁岛 PCV2 的遗传变异似乎是本地病毒进化和不同流行引入事件的结果。
