员工工作日睡眠与认知干扰的双向关联。
Bidirectional associations of sleep with cognitive interference in employees' work days.
机构信息
School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; Center for Healthy Aging, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Center for Healthy Aging, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
出版信息
Sleep Health. 2019 Jun;5(3):298-308. doi: 10.1016/j.sleh.2019.01.007. Epub 2019 Mar 22.
OBJECTIVES
Studies have reported bidirectional associations of sleep with daily stressors and negative mood. Yet we know little about how sleep is associated with workers' daily cognitive interference, or the experience of off-task and distracting thoughts. This study examined whether nightly sleep was associated with next-day cognitive interference, and vice versa, during workdays and non-work days.
DESIGN
Daily telephone interviews.
SETTING
US information technology workplaces.
PARTICIPANTS
130 middle-aged employees.
MEASUREMENTS
On 8 consecutive days, participants reported the frequency of experiencing off-task and distracting thoughts during the day (0 = never to 4 = very often) and multiple sleep characteristics (bedtimes, wake times, sleep duration, sleep quality, and sleep latency). Covariates included sociodemographic characteristics and work hours.
RESULTS
Multilevel models revealed that, on days following earlier wake times (B = -0.32, P < .01), shorter sleep duration (B = -0.27, P < .01), or poorer sleep quality (B = -0.17, P < .01), participants reported more cognitive interference than usual. That is, waking 19 minutes earlier and sleeping 16 minutes less were associated with one additional point on the cognitive interference scale the next day. With cognitive interference predicting nightly sleep, more same day's cognitive interference was associated with earlier bedtimes (B = -0.19, P < .05) and earlier wake times (B = -0.30, P < .01) than usual. The temporal associations of nightly sleep duration and sleep quality with the following day's cognitive interference were significant on work days, but not on non-work days.
CONCLUSION
Our results suggest bidirectional associations between poorer sleep and more cognitive interference, particularly on work days with implications for workday productivity and quality of life.
目的
研究报告称，睡眠与日常压力源和负面情绪之间存在双向关联。然而，我们对睡眠与工人日常认知干扰的关系知之甚少，也不知道与工作时和非工作时的不在任务和分心的想法有关。本研究考察了夜间睡眠是否与第二天的认知干扰有关，反之亦然。
设计
每日电话访谈。
地点
美国信息技术工作场所。
参与者
130 名中年员工。
测量
在连续 8 天的时间里，参与者报告了白天出现不在任务和分心想法的频率（0=从不，4=经常）以及多项睡眠特征（就寝时间、起床时间、睡眠时长、睡眠质量和睡眠潜伏期）。协变量包括社会人口统计学特征和工作时间。
结果
多层次模型显示，在前一天早起（B=-0.32，P<.01）、睡眠时长较短（B=-0.27，P<.01）或睡眠质量较差（B=-0.17，P<.01）的情况下，参与者报告的认知干扰比平时更多。也就是说，提前 19 分钟起床和少睡 16 分钟，第二天就会在认知干扰量表上增加一个分数。随着认知干扰预测夜间睡眠，当天更多的认知干扰与提前就寝时间（B=-0.19，P<.05）和提前起床时间（B=-0.30，P<.01）有关。在工作日，夜间睡眠时长和睡眠质量与次日认知干扰的时间关联显著，但在非工作日则不然。
结论
我们的研究结果表明，较差的睡眠和更多的认知干扰之间存在双向关联，特别是在工作日，这对工作效率和生活质量有影响。
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