a Institute of Bioengineering , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland.
Cell Cycle. 2019 Apr;18(8):784-794. doi: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1598725. Epub 2019 Mar 30.
Protein expression levels depend on the balance between their synthesis and degradation rates. Even quiescent (G) cells display a continuous turnover of proteins, despite protein levels remaining largely constant over time. In cycling cells, global protein levels need to be precisely doubled at each cell division in order to maintain cellular homeostasis, but we still lack a quantitative understanding of how this is achieved. Recent studies have shed light on cell cycle-dependent changes in protein synthesis and degradation rates. Here we discuss current population-based and single cell approaches used to assess protein synthesis and degradation, and review the insights they have provided into the dynamics of protein turnover in different cell cycle phases.
蛋白质表达水平取决于其合成和降解速率之间的平衡。即使是静止期（G）细胞，其蛋白质也在不断更新，尽管蛋白质水平在一段时间内基本保持不变。在细胞周期中，为了维持细胞内稳态，全局蛋白质水平需要在每次细胞分裂时精确加倍，但我们仍然缺乏对如何实现这一目标的定量理解。最近的研究揭示了蛋白质合成和降解速率在细胞周期中的变化。在这里，我们讨论了目前用于评估蛋白质合成和降解的基于群体和单细胞的方法，并回顾了它们在不同细胞周期阶段蛋白质周转动力学方面提供的见解。
