Institute of Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Science, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Chembiochem. 2019 Sep 16;20(18):2298-2321. doi: 10.1002/cbic.201800809. Epub 2019 Jun 27.
De novo biosynthesis of fatty acids is an iterative process requiring strict regulation of the lengths of the produced fatty acids. In this review, we focus on the factors determining chain lengths in fatty acid biosynthesis. In a nutshell, the process of chain-length regulation can be understood as the output of a chain-elongating C-C bond forming reaction competing with a terminating fatty acid release function. At the end of each cycle in the iterative process, the synthesizing enzymes need to "decide" whether the growing chain is to be elongated through another cycle or released as the "mature" fatty acid. Recent research has shed light on the factors determining fatty acid chain length and has also achieved control over chain length for the production of the technologically interesting short-chain (C -C ) and medium-chain (C -C ) fatty acids.
脂肪酸的从头生物合成是一个迭代过程，需要严格调控所产生脂肪酸的长度。在本综述中，我们重点关注决定脂肪酸生物合成中链长的因素。简而言之，链长调控过程可以理解为延长 C-C 键形成反应与终止脂肪酸释放功能的输出。在迭代过程的每个循环结束时，合成酶需要“决定”是通过另一个循环来延长正在生长的链，还是将其作为“成熟”脂肪酸释放。最近的研究揭示了决定脂肪酸链长的因素，并实现了对技术上有趣的短链（C-C）和中链（C-C）脂肪酸的链长控制。
