Connor C G, Zagrod M E
Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1986 Jul;63(7):539-44. doi: 10.1097/00006324-198607000-00007.
The corneal endothelium is principally responsible for maintenance of corneal deturgescence. Therefore, compromise of corneal endothelial functional integrity can result in corneal swelling and opacification. Contact lenses constitute a potential insult to the cornea because their wear reduces the oxygen available to that tissue. It has been reported that contact lens wear induces transient as well as permanent morphologic changes in the corneal endothelium. One of the permanent changes reported is referred to as polymegathism, which is a variation in cell size within the endothelial monolayer. Several investigators have suggested that polymegathism reflects a compromised endothelial functional status. Mechanisms proposed to explain contact lens-induced polymegathism include lactate accumulation, changes in pH, and elevation in CO2 content. We discuss these possibilities as well as speculate that these polymegathous shape changes may be a result of decreased endothelial ATP (adenosine triphosphate) levels and disturbed calcium homeostasis due to corneal endothelial hypoxia.
角膜内皮主要负责维持角膜的脱水状态。因此，角膜内皮功能完整性受损会导致角膜肿胀和混浊。隐形眼镜对角膜构成潜在损害，因为佩戴隐形眼镜会减少该组织可获得的氧气。据报道，佩戴隐形眼镜会引起角膜内皮的短暂和永久性形态变化。所报道的永久性变化之一被称为多形性，即内皮单层内细胞大小的变化。几位研究人员认为多形性反映了内皮功能状态受损。为解释隐形眼镜引起的多形性而提出的机制包括乳酸积累、pH值变化和二氧化碳含量升高。我们讨论了这些可能性，并推测这些多形性形状变化可能是由于角膜内皮缺氧导致内皮三磷酸腺苷（ATP）水平降低和钙稳态紊乱的结果。
