Biswas Saumik, Chakrabarti Subrata
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A5A5, Canada.
Noncoding RNA. 2019 Mar 22;5(1):30. doi: 10.3390/ncrna5010030.
Management of chronic diabetic complications remains a major medical challenge worldwide. One of the characteristic features of all chronic diabetic complications is augmented production of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Such ECM proteins are deposited in all tissues affected by chronic complications, ultimately causing organ damage and dysfunction. A contributing factor to this pathogenetic process is glucose-induced endothelial damage, which involves phenotypic transformation of endothelial cells (ECs). This phenotypic transition of ECs, from a quiescent state to an activated dysfunctional state, can be mediated through alterations in the synthesis of cellular proteins. In this review, we discussed the roles of non-coding RNAs, specifically microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), in such processes. We further outlined other epigenetic mechanisms regulating the biogenesis and/or function of non-coding RNAs. Overall, we believe that better understanding of such molecular processes may lead to the development of novel biomarkers and therapeutic strategies in the future.
慢性糖尿病并发症的管理仍是全球医学面临的一项重大挑战。所有慢性糖尿病并发症的一个特征是细胞外基质（ECM）蛋白的产生增加。此类ECM蛋白沉积于所有受慢性并发症影响的组织中，最终导致器官损伤和功能障碍。这一发病过程的一个促成因素是葡萄糖诱导的内皮损伤，这涉及内皮细胞（EC）的表型转化。EC从静止状态到活化功能失调状态的这种表型转变可通过细胞蛋白合成的改变来介导。在本综述中，我们讨论了非编码RNA，特别是微小RNA（miRNA）和长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）在此类过程中的作用。我们进一步概述了调节非编码RNA生物合成和/或功能的其他表观遗传机制。总体而言，我们认为更好地理解此类分子过程可能会在未来带来新型生物标志物和治疗策略的发展。
