Shprecher David, Zhang Nan, Halverson Matthew, Savica Rodolfo
Banner Sun Health Research Institute, 10515 W. Santa Fe Drive, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA.
Department of Neurology, University of Utah, 175 North Medical Drive East, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.
Brain Sci. 2019 Mar 23;9(3):71. doi: 10.3390/brainsci9030071.
The prevalence of dream enactment behavior and other risk factors for a parkinsonian disorder is not well documented.
A survey on prevalence of parkinsonism risk factors was designed using two validated instruments (REM behavior disorder single item question, bowel movement frequency for constipation) and three exploratory instruments (for hallucinations, cognitive and olfactory complaints.) It was sent by mail and email to patients aged 50 and over at two University of Utah community clinics in Salt Lake City. A total of 7888 unique patients were sent the survey, and 1607 responses were recorded (response rate 20%). Those whose age was missing ( = 117) or less than 50 years ( = 10) were excluded from the analysis.
Of the 1406 without personal diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease 62.7% were female, and median age was 63. Family history (FH) of Parkinson's disease was endorsed by 9%, constipation (defined as a bowel movement less than once per day) by 19%, mild cognitive complaints (MCI) 15.8%, dream enactment 13.7%, subjective hyposmia or anosmia 18.2%, and at least one potential psychotic symptom in 37.6%. Multivariable logistic regression showed male gender, mild cognitive complaints, hearing voices, and at least one potentially psychotic symptom to be significantly associated with dream enactment.
This survey shows that dream enactment, a strong predictor of risk for synucleinopathy, is relatively common in the older population; because such individuals rarely come to medical attention of a sleep clinic, such survey research may be useful to identify and recruit at-risk individuals for trials aimed at preventing neurodegenerative disease.
梦呓行为的患病率以及帕金森氏症的其他风险因素尚无充分记录。
使用两种经过验证的工具（快速眼动睡眠行为障碍单项问题、便秘的排便频率）和三种探索性工具（用于幻觉、认知和嗅觉问题）设计了一项关于帕金森病风险因素患病率的调查。该调查通过邮件和电子邮件发送给盐湖城犹他大学两个社区诊所的50岁及以上患者。总共向7888名不同患者发送了调查问卷，记录了1607份回复（回复率20%）。年龄缺失（=117）或小于50岁（=10）的患者被排除在分析之外。
在1406名未被个人诊断为神经退行性疾病的患者中，62.7%为女性，中位年龄为63岁。9%的患者有帕金森病家族史（FH），19%的患者有便秘（定义为每天排便少于一次），15.8%的患者有轻度认知问题（MCI），13.7%的患者有梦呓，18.2%的患者有主观嗅觉减退或嗅觉丧失，37.6%的患者至少有一种潜在的精神病症状。多变量逻辑回归显示，男性、轻度认知问题、幻听以及至少一种潜在的精神病症状与梦呓显著相关。
这项调查表明，梦呓作为突触核蛋白病风险的有力预测指标，在老年人群中相对常见；由于这类个体很少去睡眠诊所就医，此类调查研究可能有助于识别和招募有风险的个体参与旨在预防神经退行性疾病的试验。
