Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , IN , USA.
Cogn Emot. 2019 Dec;33(8):1687-1701. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2019.1597684. Epub 2019 Mar 25.
To extend our understanding of the proximal etiology of personality pathology, this study examined the dynamic, in-the-moment relations between mindfulness and negative affectivity (NA; emotional lability, anxiousness, separation insecurity) as defined by the alternative model for personality disorders. We tested predictions based upon the Monitor and Acceptance Theory that when people monitored their attention judgmentally, their state NA would be higher than usual; by contrast, when they monitored their attention nonjudgmentally, their state NA would be lower than usual. Sixty-five undergraduates participated in an experience sampling study wherein they completed five reports per day for eight days about their states of mindfulness and NA. Multi-level models revealed an interaction wherein participants exhibited more state NA when they monitored their attention judgmentally than when they monitored their attention nonjudgmentally. Analyses of simple slopes revealed that participants exhibited more state NA than usual when they monitored their attention judgmentally. These findings emerged for only one of two attention monitoring processes, however: monitoring relations between thoughts, emotions, and behaviours, but not monitoring sensory stimuli. Analyses including non-reactivity instead of nonjudgment replicated these findings. Implications for theory, research, and treatment are discussed.
为了更深入地了解人格病理学的近端病因，本研究通过人格障碍的替代模型，检验了正念和负性情感（NA；情绪不稳定性、焦虑、分离不安全感）之间的动态、即时关系。我们根据监控和接纳理论进行了预测，即当人们批判性地监控自己的注意力时，他们的状态 NA 会比平时更高；相比之下，当他们非批判性地监控自己的注意力时，他们的状态 NA 会比平时更低。65 名本科生参加了一项经验抽样研究，他们在八天内每天完成五份关于正念和 NA 状态的报告。多层次模型显示出一种交互作用，即参与者在批判性地监控注意力时比非批判性地监控注意力时表现出更高的状态 NA。然而，只有两种注意力监控过程中的一种出现了这种分析：监控思想、情感和行为之间的关系，而不是监控感觉刺激。包括非反应性而不是非评判性的分析复制了这些发现。讨论了这些发现对理论、研究和治疗的意义。
