Rusterholz Caroline
Med Hist. 2019 Apr;63(2):153-172. doi: 10.1017/mdh.2019.3.
This paper explores the influence of English female doctors on the creation of the International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF) and the production and circulation of contraceptive knowledge in England and, to a lesser extent in France, between 1930 and 1970. By drawing on the writings of female doctors and proceedings of international conferences as well as the archives of the British Medical Women's Federation (MWF) and Family Planning Association (FPA), on the one hand, and Mouvement Français pour le Planning Familial (MFPF), on the other, this paper explores the agency of English female doctors at the national and transnational level. I recover their pioneering work and argue that they were pivotal in legitimising family planning within medical circles. I then turn to their influence on French doctors after World War II. Not only were English medical women active and experienced agents in the family planning movement in England; they also represented a conduit of information and training crucial for French doctors. Transfer of knowledge across the channel was thus a decisive tool for implementing family planning services in France.
本文探讨了1930年至1970年间，英国女医生对国际计划生育联合会（IPPF）创立的影响，以及在英国和（程度稍轻的）法国避孕药具知识的产生与传播情况。一方面，通过借鉴女医生的著作、国际会议记录以及英国医学女性联合会（MWF）和计划生育协会（FPA）的档案，另一方面，借鉴法国计划生育运动（MFPF）的相关资料，本文探讨了英国女医生在国家和跨国层面所发挥的作用。我梳理了她们的开创性工作，并认为她们在使计划生育在医学界合法化方面发挥了关键作用。接着，我将探讨她们在二战后对法国医生的影响。英国女医生不仅是英国计划生育运动中积极且经验丰富的推动者；她们还代表着对法国医生而言至关重要的信息与培训渠道。因此，跨海峡的知识传播是在法国实施计划生育服务的决定性工具。
